THE CHEMISTRY OF ACIDS AND BASES. ACIDS AND BASES: NAMING AT THE CONCLUSION OF OUR TIME TOGETHER, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO: 1. Name any acid or base 2. Determine.

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Presentation transcript:

THE CHEMISTRY OF ACIDS AND BASES

ACIDS AND BASES: NAMING AT THE CONCLUSION OF OUR TIME TOGETHER, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO: 1. Name any acid or base 2. Determine if the acid is binary or ternary (oxy-acid) and use the appropriate naming system

NAMING ACIDS Binary Acids: Contain “H” and one other element To Name: Hydro + second element name + ic + acid Ex: HCl = Hydro chlorine + ic acid Hydrochloric acid HF =

Prefix Hydro- Stem or root of nonmetal Suffix -icacid HCl Hydro HI HCl is a binary acid – hydrogen - nonmetal chlor ic acid H 2 S

NAMING ACIDS (CONT.) Ternary Acids (oxyacids): Contain “H”, “O” and one more element To Name: Polyatomic ion “ate”  “ic” + acid Ex:HNO 3 = Nitr-ate  ic + acid Nitric acid HClO 3 = An easy way to remember which goes with which… “In the cafeteria, you ATE something ICky”

NAMING ACIDS (CONT.) If the acid has one more oxygen than the root acid, the naming goes as follows: To Name: Per + Polyatomic ion “ate”  “ic” + acid Ex: HNO 4 = Per + Nitr-ate  ic + acid Pernitric acid H 2 SO 5 =

NAMING ACIDS (CONT.) If the acid has one less oxygen than the root acid, the naming goes as follows: To Name: Polyatomic ion “ite”  “ous” + acid Ex: HNO 2 = Nitr-ite  ous + acid Nitrous acid H 2 SO 3 =

ACID NOMENCLATURE FLOWCHART

Summary of Naming Ternary Acids

HBr (aq)HBr (aq) H 2 CO 3H 2 CO 3 H 2 SO 3H 2 SO 3 hydrobromic acid carbonic acid sulfurous acid ACID NOMENCLATURE REVIEW

NAME ‘EM! HI (aq) HCl (aq) H 2 SO 3 HNO 3 HClO 4

NAMING BASES Name the metal first Add hydroxide Ex:NaOH = Sodium hydroxide KOH =

PRACTICE NAMING BASES FormulaName NaOH Fe(OH) 3 Mg(OH) 2 Ni(OH) 2 NH 4 OH Sodium hydroxide Iron (III) hydroxide Magnesium hydroxide Nickel (II) hydroxide Ammonium hydroxide

Acids and Bases: Naming Let’s see if you can: 1. Name any acid or base 2. Determine if the acid is binary or ternary (oxy-acid) and use the appropriate naming system

NAME HCL. 1.Hydrogen chloride 2.Hydrochloric acid 3.Chloric acid 4.Perchloric acid 5.Chlorous acid 6.Hypochlorus acid 7.I have no idea!! 8.Who cares??

NAME HCLO. 1.Hydrogen chloride 2.Hydrochloric acid 3.Chloric acid 4.Perchloric acid 5.Chlorous acid 6.Hypochlorus acid 7.I have no idea!! 8.Who cares??

NAME HCLO 3. 1.Hydrogen chloride 2.Hydrochloric acid 3.Chloric acid 4.Perchloric acid 5.Chlorous acid 6.Hypochlorus acid 7.I have no idea!! 8.Who cares??

NAME HCLO 4. 1.Hydrogen chloride 2.Hydrochloric acid 3.Chloric acid 4.Perchloric acid 5.Chlorous acid 6.Hypochlorus acid 7.I have no idea!! 8.Who cares??

NAME HCLO 2. 1.Hydrogen chloride 2.Hydrochloric acid 3.Chloric acid 4.Perchloric acid 5.Chlorous acid 6.Hypochlorous acid 7.I have no idea!! 8.Who cares??

NAME H 2 SO 4 1.Hydrogen Sulfate 2.Hydrosulfuric acid 3.Sulfuric acid 4.Persulfuric acid 5.Sulfurous acid 6.Hyposulfurous acid 7.I have no idea!! 8.Who cares??

NAME H 3 PO 3 1.Hydrogen phosphite 2.Hydrophosphic acid 3.Phosphoric acid 4.Perphosphic acid 5.Phosphorous acid 6.Hypophosphorous acid 7.I have no idea!! 8.Who cares??

NAME HNO. 1.Hydrogen Nitrite 2.Hydronitric acid 3.Nitric acid 4.Pernitric acid 5.Nitrous acid 6.Hyponitrous acid 7.I have no idea!! 8.Who cares??

NAME SR(OH) 2 1.Strontium (II) Hydroxide 2.Strontium Oxygen Hydrogen 3.Strontium Oxyhydride 4.Strontium Hydroxide 5.Strontinoic Acid 6.Strontium Dihydroxide 7.Not listed

NAME FE(OH) 3 1.Iron (III) Hydroxide 2.Iron Hydroxide 3.Ironic Acid 4.Iron (I) Hydroxide 5.Iron Oxyhydride 6.Not listed