Ch. 6 Lesson 2 The basic unit of an organism

Organelles are structures in cells that carry out specific functions Cell membrane – (SECURITY GUARD) protects the cell, controls what comes in and out of the cell Nucleus – (BRAIN) directs cell activities ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum) – (HIGHWAY) sends messages and where some ribosomes are found Golgi Apparatus (Golgi Body) – (MAILMAN) packages proteins to be delivered around the cell

Ribosome - makes proteins Mitochondria – (POWER HOUSE) produces energy Lysosomes- (GARBAGE MEN) clean/removes wastes Vacuoles- (WAREHOUSE) stores molecules food, H2O, and O2 Cytoplasm- jelly-like substance inside the cell

PLANT CELLS HAVE 2 ORGANELLES THAT AN ANIMAL CELL DOES NOT: Cell Wall: strong rigid layer outside of the cell membrane Chloroplasts: absorbs light energy and converts it into chemical energy (glucose) Central Vacuole: one large storage organelle for water and other materials (only some animal cells have vacuoles and are much smaller!)

Prokaryotic Cell: does NOT have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles most are unicellular such as bacteria Eukaryotic Cell: HAS a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles Most multicellular organisms and some unicellular *Both types of cells have cytoplasm, DNA, and a cell membrane *Animal & Plant cells are EUKARYOTIC CELLS!