C. Aquatic succession 1. Aquatic environments go through succession just as land does 2. Stages: a. Lake or pond is formed b. Algal species colonize and increase nutrients c. Plants (reeds) begin to grow near shore

d. More nutrients as plants die e. Water plants form f. Along with erosion, dead plants begin to fill in the lake g. Becomes a marsh and continues to fill in h. Eventually becomes a grassland and completes land succession

D. Island succession 1. Follows the stages for land succession a. Islands form from volcanoes b. Most species arrive by chance 2. Bird life tends to prosper 3. When you arrive you have zero competition

4. If you can find a mate, you are set a. Unfilled niches are filled by the offspring of the pioneer b. eventually, over a few hundred years, several new species form