Microbiology Introduction and History. Microbiology – Introduction and History Beer Cheese Staphylococcal folliculitis Conjunctivitis Chicken pox.

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Microbiology Introduction and History

Microbiology – Introduction and History Beer Cheese Staphylococcal folliculitis Conjunctivitis Chicken pox

What is Microbiology?

Categories of Microorganisms Bacteria Archaeans Some algae Protozoa Some fungi Viruses (not technically a living thing)

3 Domains of Life

Why do we study microorganisms?

1. Live on and in our body. 2. Can make us sick. 3. Would not be here without microbes. 4. Get rid of our wastes. 5. May clean up our messes (i.e. oil spills, ect.). 6. Make many essential elements available to living things. 7. Food source. 8. Aid in digestion. 9. Some used to make medicine (i.e. antibiotics). 10. Important for genetic engineering.

Glowing Pigs and Jellyfish?

Some Terms to Know Pathogen vs. Nonpathogen Indigenous or Normal Flora Opportunistic Pathogens Infectious Disease Microbial Intoxication

What was the first living organism on earth? Cyanobacteria OR Archaea

Microbial infections have been around for a long time! 3,000 B.C. - Ruma, a Syrian boy, - depiction of polio Egyptian Mummy d=mummy-dna-reveal.. d=mummy-dna-reveal..

Some important historical figures:

Anton van Leeuwenhoek The “Father of Microbiology” First to see live bacteria and protozoa. /leeuwenhoek.html Microscope consisted of only one lens and was only 3-4 inches long. It required good lighting and a lot of patience. uk.org.uk/intro/histo.html

The Theory of Spontaneous Generation - Abiogensis Francesco Redi’s Experiment – 17 th century facstaff.gpc.edu

Cell Theory (1838) Schleiden (left) and Schwann (right) Proposed independently that all living things are made of cells kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca

Biogenesis Proposed by Rudolf Virchow – 1858 Life only arises from preexisting life. kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca

Louis Pasteur Discovered what occurs during alcoholic fermentation Helped disprove spontaneous generation Termed “aerobes” and “anaerobes” Discovered Pasteurization Discovered many vaccines Contributed to germ theory of disease

Germ Theory of Disease Theory that specific microorganisms cause specific infectious diseases. For example, the bacteria Bacillus anthracis causes anthrax.

Robert Koch Contributed to germ theory of disease. – Discovered Bacillus anthracis produces anthrax. Developed methods for fixing, staining, and photographing bacteria. Developed methods of cultivating bacteria on solid media. Was able to obtain pure cultures. Discovered bacteria that cause tuberculosis and cholera.

Robert Koch

Koch’s Postulates 1. A microorganism must be present in every case of the disease. 2. Isolate microorganism from diseased host and grow in pure culture. 3. Same disease produced when microorganisms from pure culture are inoculated into healthy, susceptible hosts. 4. Same microorganism must be recovered from experimentally infected hosts and grown again in pure culture.

The End