Energy & water saving in vineyards How can vineyards in our region to save water and energy? Letizia M. Class IV A IIS G.Garibaldi - Macerata

Map: How to save energy and water in vineyards  Water needs of vineyards.  Main types of irrigation in vineyards: advantages & disadvantages.  Techniques for energy saving.

Water needs of vineyards To get a quality wine, water should be administered with caution and moderation and only when needed. We should not completely eliminate water stress summer vine but limit it to an optimal level because they are well-known adverse effects due to excessive availability of water for the vineyard but are equally well-known adverse effects due to excessive water stress.

Main types of irrigation in the vineyards: advantages & disadvantages The irrigation methods in viticulture are basically two: Spray irrigation; Drip irrigation. They both exploit water pressure and ensure efficiency and uniformity, but they are expensive as they need specific equipment.

Spray irrigation By this method water reaches the crops as rain. Advantages: Water savings; Ability to irrigate sloping ground; This will limit soil erosion and run-off water; Ability to irrigate large areas in a short time. Disadvantages: High cost of equipment and management; Sensitivity to the wind; Soil compaction;

Drip irrigation Administration of water through a network of pipes fitted with numerous delivery points. It is the preferred method in viticulture. Advantages: saving water and energy, to lower pressure; emission uniformity; absence of erosive action; allows the entry into the field of machine; increased production; possibility of irrigating sloping land.

Drip irrigation Disadvantages: risk of occlusion of the dispensers; damage caused by insects; inability to spread pesticides in the aerial part of the plants.

Techniques for energy saving To meet energy-saving, in the vineyards has recently found a new technique: the installation of photovoltaic systems. A photovoltaic system consists essentially of the assembly of PV modules, which exploit the incident solar energy to produce electricity by the photovoltaic effect, the necessary electrical and electronic component and possibly mechanical-automatic solar tracking.

Photovoltaic systems in vineyards Interesting features are: the structure of the photovoltaic system (PV) is designed so as not to cause damage or disturbance to the underlying productivity of the vineyard; the energy produced will be used for heating of the vineyard to have an early harvest (first fruits) and thus of greater economic value; the system is of the "integrated" and will produce additional income to agriculture estimated at € 30,000 per year.

Conclusion Finally, considering the two types of irrigation we can say that the best choice, which facilitates saving water & energy, is drip irrigation. This is because it is effective and guarantees a quality treatment. While spray irrigation isn’t quite complete for the needs of the vineyard. Then we must remember that the PV system is still very expensive in Italy and needs further development.

Bibliography Last visit: 12/02/ irrigazione/0,1254,95_ART_2279,00.html irrigazione/0,1254,95_ART_2279,00.html la-qualit- la-qualit

Metadata Titolo: Energy and water saving in vineyards Autore: Letizia M. Classe: IV A Formato: PPT Dimensione: 1.70 MB Tipo: Progetto Lingua: Inglese Richezza semantica: Media Destinatari: Studenti Grado di difficoltà: Media

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