Properties of Hydrocarbons. Aim: To investigate the properties of alkanes, alkenes and cycloalkanes. Method: Add 10 drops of HC into each test tube Test.

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Presentation transcript:

Properties of Hydrocarbons

Aim: To investigate the properties of alkanes, alkenes and cycloalkanes. Method: Add 10 drops of HC into each test tube Test tube 1 Test for appearance, solubility and pH Test tube 2 Test for flammability Test tube3 Test with bromine water

Results: PropertyAlkaneAlkeneCycloalkane Appearance Solubility pH Flammability Reaction with bromine water Products of combustion

Conclusion: Hydrocarbon families have properties in common with each other in that they are colourless, immiscible with water, neutral and burn easily to produce carbon dioxide and water. However, the presence of a double bond (unsaturated hydrocarbon) can be shown by the decolourisation of bromine water.

Combustion of alkanes Hydrocarbons burn to produce carbon dioxide and water.

Since the products of combustion of are carbon dioxide and water, this implies that the substance burned must contain carbon and hydrogen. However, it cannot be said that these are the only elements within the compound and so it cannot be said that the compound was a hydrocarbon.

Summary Alkanes Cycloalkanes Alkenes  double bonds, unsaturated, relatively reactive, reacts by addition reaction across the double bond } Single bonds, saturated, relatively unreactive

S A Saturated Single bonds Substitution reaction Alkenes react by Addition reactions S Across the double bond