What is a Mineral ?

Definition of Mineral A naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a definite crystalline structure. – Naturally formed - not made by people – Inorganic - made from non - living things – Solid - Definite shape and volume – Crystalline structure - repeated inner structure that helps to shape the mineral

Mineral Formation All minerals are made from elements. Most minerals are made from compounds. A compound is two or more elements that go through a chemical change to make a new substance.

Crystal Structures Each mineral has a definite crystalline shape or repeating inner pattern of atoms All minerals can be classified according to their crystal structure

Silicates Minerals that contain a combination of the elements silicon and oxygen. Make up 90% of the Earth’s crust Examples: Quartz, Mica, Feldspar

Nonsilicates Minerals that do not contain a combination of Silicon and Oxygen. Often contain elements such as Carbon, Fluorine, Sulfur, and Oxygen Examples: Copper, Calcite, Fluorite, Corundum, Gypsum, Galena