Chapter 12, Section 1 The Federal System

Main Idea - When the framers created our new Constitution, they made sure power would be shared between national and state government!

I. The Constitution and Federalism A. Original 13 colonies behaved like individual nations. ***Articles of Confederation were weak and ineffective.***

B. Framers created a federal system B. Framers created a federal system 1. Federalism- Government power is divided between national and state government C. Federalism meets in the middle. National government needed to be strong and effective, yet have limits. C. Federalism meets in the middle. National government needed to be strong and effective, yet have limits. D. States can maintain military militia. Governor can call in National Guard for state emergencies. D. States can maintain military militia. Governor can call in National Guard for state emergencies.

***States cannot make treaties with other countries, declare war, keep an army in peacetime, issue money, or impose import taxes. States cannot take away citizens’ civil liberties.*** E. 10th Amendment- Granted reserved powers. 1. Reserved Powers- States can exercise all powers not given to the federal government or denied to the states.

F. States reserved powers are there to: 1. Promote the health and welfare of their citizens.

2. Set up police forces

3. Build roads

4. Run schools

5. Organize local government

G. Concurrent Powers- Powers shared by state and federal governments. H. Supremacy Claus- Article IV says Congress’ laws are the “Supreme Law of the Land”

I. McCulloch V. Maryland- Supreme Court held that when state and federal powers conflict, federal powers take precedence.

States’ Rights Supporters: Since states created national government, national government should have limited powersSince states created national government, national government should have limited powers States are closer with the people and better reflect their wishesStates are closer with the people and better reflect their wishes

National Government Supporters: 1. People, not states created national government 2. Necessary and Proper Claus- Gives Congress right and means to do anything to carry out its given power. ***Power has shifted back and forth throughout our history***

II. G overnmental Cooperation A. Grants-In-Aid- Money given to the states by the government B. Federal government gives money to cities and counties. C. States need to provide services to the federal government.

III. State Constitutions A. State Constitutions vary. B. All contain a bill of rights C. All establish different types of local governments. D. Regulate the ways state and local governments raise money. E. Establish agencies, boards, commissions.

F. State laws cannot clash with U.S. Constitution. G. Amendment process varies. Proposition by legislature, ratification by voters.

MINI QUIZ!!! John Mayer- Gravity 1. What did the 10 th Amendment do? 2. Powers given to states are called? 3. Name 3 things local governments should do for their people… 4. Type of power when state and federal government share power 5. McCulloch V. Maryland….What did it establish??