1. American Federalism

2. Organizing a nation
Confederation
Unitary
Federal

3. Why did the Framers chose this?
History
Checking power
Practical
Colonial times power with local government. Unitary system didn’t work (England) States had power under Articles of Confederation and that didn’t work. Federalism was a middle ground
Prevent national government from becoming too powerful- divide power with states
Knew it would help get Constitution ratified and more people can participate in a federal system

4. Constitution and Federalism
Delegated powers (Expressed orEnumerated)- Article I, sec. 8
Declare war, coin money, regulate trade, maintain army
Implied powers- “necessary and proper”
Print paper money, 16th amendment= income tax, create IRS
Inherent powers- naturally belong to all sovereign gov’t
Acquire territory, recognize foreign nations

5. Constitution and Federalism
Reserved powers- 10th amendment
Conduct elections, Ratify Constitutional amendments, control public schools
Shared or Concurrent power
Collect taxes, build roads, borrow $, establish courts

6. Supremacy Clause
Article IV

7. Constitution and Federalism
Prohibited Powers
National Gov’t- (Art. I, section 9)
can’t deny anything in Bill of Rights, grant titles of nobility, tax exports, exercise power reserved to states
State Gov’t- (Art. I, Section 10)
can’t coin money, tax imports/exports, have own army, enter into treaties, engage in war

9. State Obligations to Each Other
Full Faith and Credit- Article IV, sec 1
Extradition- Article IV, sec. 2
Privileges and Immunities- Article IV, sec. 2

10. Advantages Disadvantages
Why Federalism?
Advantages Disadvantages
Prevents National Government from abusing power
Large country- allows unity without states all being exactly the same
Provides training and
develops leaders
Keeps government closer
to the people
Difficult to respond quickly to national problems
Lack of uniformity leads to
conflict
Variation in policies creates redundancies and inefficiencies

11. From Dual to Cooperative
Dual or Layer Cake Federalism- states and national governments remain supreme in their own spheres, each responsible for certain policies
Nullification?
Restructuring post Civil War
13, 14, 15 amendments

12. Cooperative Cooperative or Marble Cake Federalism
Powers and policies are shared between national and state governments
Share costs, administration, etc
New Deal
View problems more as national problems than local ones

13. New Federalism
Devolution- transfer policies from federal to state and local governments
Reagan

14. Fiscal Federalism Grants-in-aid
Categorical grants- specific and controlled
Block grants- broad scope
Mandates- demands on states to carry out policy
Clean Air Act, Americans with Disabilities, No Child Left Behind

15. Issues in Federalism Today
Poverty
Homeland Security
Environment
Immigration
Health Care