Road to Civil War Chapter 15
Section 1 Slavery and the West I.The Missouri Compromise A.Missouri asked to join the Union as a slave state in 1819 B.At the time 11 states are free and 11 states are slave C.Missouri would upset the balance of power in the senate. D.North and South had different economic systems and both wanted land out west. E.Sectionalism grows—an exaggerated loyalty to a particular region of the country.
How many Senators are there from each state? Two
F. Clay’s Proposal 1. Maine as a Free State—Missouri as a Slave State 2. Prohibited Slavery north of the 36 30’N latitude 3. Missouri Compromise temporally fixed the crisis.
II.New Western Lands A.Next 25 years slavery issue is in the background s things heat up again. Texas, New Mexico, and California want to become states. 2.James Polk becomes president and pressed forward on accepting/taking these lands
I stated that Polk took land. In which war did he do this? A.War of 1812 B.Spanish American War C.Mexican War D.Civil War [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]
B. Conflicting Views 1. Wilmot Proviso---called for a ban on slavery in any new land taken in the War with Mexico. a. Southerners wanted the area open to slavery b. Southerner John C. Calhoun stated that Congress didn’t have the authority to ban slavery anywhere 1. Popular Sovereignty (people decide)
C. The Free Soil Party 1. Debate over slavery led to the formation of a new political party Whigs select Mexican War hero Zachary Taylor 3. Democrats select Lewis Cass 4. Neither party discusses slavery which angered Antislavery members of both parties. 5. Angered people form new party “Free Soil, Free Speech, Free Labor, and Free Men” 6. Free Soil Party nominates Martin Van Buren 7. Zachary Taylor wins election but Free Soil Party wins seats in Senate.
What modern day political party has some similarities to the Free Soil Party? A.Tea Party B.Republican Party C.Democratic Party
D. California 1. President Taylor urges California and New Mexico to become states. California does in Antislavery groups want slavery banned in Washington DC 3. Southerners wanted a strong national law requiring states to return fugitive slaves Slave States and 15 Free States 5. Southern States begin talking about seceding from the United States.
What event led California to become a state so quickly? gold rush
III.A New Compromise A.Henry Clay proposes another compromise 1.California would be admitted as a free state 2.New Mexico would have no restrictions on slavery 3.New Mexico-Texas border would be settled in favor of New Mexico 4.Slave Trade would be banned in Washington DC, Slavery itself would be permitted. 5.Fugitive Slave Law would be passed B.Daniel Webster (Mass.) helps get Clay’s proposal passed C.John Calhoun of South Carolina was against it.
Which part of the Compromise would upset the Northern States the most? A.California admitted as a free state B.New Mexico having no restrictions on slavery C.Slave Trade banned in Washington DC D.New Mexican border dispute settled E.Fugitive Slave Law would be enacted
i. The Compromise of President Taylor hated the Compromise a. He dies in office 2. Millard Fillmore becomes the new President and supports compromise. 3. Senator Stephen A. Douglas (Illinois) took charge in passing the plan by dividing the plan into a series of measures. 4. President Fillmore persuaded several Whig reps to abstain---not cast votes 5. These 5 new laws become know has the Compromise of Clay believed it would be the “final settlement”
What does Popular Sovereignty mean? People decided the issue of slavery for themselves.