Naming Chemical Compounds Science 10

Ionic, Covalent or Acidic? Only non-metals  covalent Only non-metals  covalent Metals and non-metals  ionic Metals and non-metals  ionic Hydrogen first element  acidic Hydrogen first element  acidic

Covalent First element First element Take element name from periodic tableTake element name from periodic table Add prefix if required (mono is never used in first element)Add prefix if required (mono is never used in first element) Second element Second element Take element name from periodic table Drop ending and add “-ide” Add prefix if required

Covalent Prefixes Mono – 1 Mono – 1 Di – 2 Di – 2 Tri – 3 Tri – 3 Tetra – 4 Tetra – 4 Penta - 5 Penta - 5 Hexa – 6 Hexa – 6 Hepta – 7 Hepta – 7 Octa – 8 Octa – 8 Nona – 9 Nona – 9 Deca - 10 Deca - 10

Example What is the name of C 3 H 8 ? What is the name of C 3 H 8 ? First element is carbon and there are three carbon atoms – TricarbonFirst element is carbon and there are three carbon atoms – Tricarbon Second element is hydrogen and there are eight atoms – octahydrideSecond element is hydrogen and there are eight atoms – octahydride Tricarbon octahydride Tricarbon octahydride

Practice Name the following: Name the following: PH 3PH 3 COCO N 2 ON 2 O Names: Names: Phosphorus trihydride Carbon monoxide Dinitrogen monoxide

Ionic Find the metal on the periodic table Find the metal on the periodic table Take its nameTake its name Does it have more than one charge? If so, use Roman Numerals to indicate chargeDoes it have more than one charge? If so, use Roman Numerals to indicate charge If the cation is polyatomic (i.e. NH 4 ) take its name from table of polyatomic ionsIf the cation is polyatomic (i.e. NH 4 ) take its name from table of polyatomic ions Find the non-metal of the periodic table Find the non-metal of the periodic table Take the name, drop the ending and add “-ide” If the anion is polyatomic (i.e. SO 4 ) take its name from table of polyatomic ions

Example What is the name of ZnF 2 ? What is the name of ZnF 2 ? First element is zinc and it only has one possible charge - ZincFirst element is zinc and it only has one possible charge - Zinc Second element is fluorine – fluorideSecond element is fluorine – fluoride Zinc fluoride Zinc fluoride

Practice Name the following: Name the following: BeOBeO K 3 NK 3 N Al 2 S 3Al 2 S 3 NH 4 NO 3NH 4 NO 3 NaClO 2NaClO 2 LiClO 3LiClO 3 Names: Names: Beryllium oxide Potassium nitride Aluminum sulphide Ammonium nitrate Sodium chlorite Lithium chlorate

Multiple Charges – How Do You Know? When you look at an ionic compound where the metal has more than one charge, we need to know how to determine the charge When you look at an ionic compound where the metal has more than one charge, we need to know how to determine the charge For example: For example: FeSO 4FeSO 4 Fe 2 O 3Fe 2 O 3 Use reverse cross over method Use reverse cross over method

Example What is the name of FeSO 4 ? What is the name of FeSO 4 ? First element is iron and it has either 2+ or 3+ charge – Iron(II) or Iron(III)First element is iron and it has either 2+ or 3+ charge – Iron(II) or Iron(III) Anion is polyatomic ion with a 2- charge – sulphateAnion is polyatomic ion with a 2- charge – sulphate Reverse cross over gives a 1:1 ratio, meaning it must be Iron(II)Reverse cross over gives a 1:1 ratio, meaning it must be Iron(II) Iron(II) sulphate Iron(II) sulphate

Practice Name the following: Name the following: Fe 2 O 3Fe 2 O 3 CuClCuCl Hg 3 NHg 3 N Names: Names: Iron(III) oxide Copper(I) chloride Mecury(I) nitride

Flowchart Create a flowchart to help you name chemical compounds Create a flowchart to help you name chemical compounds You may work alone or in a group to develop the flowchart but by the end of the period, everyone must have a flowchartYou may work alone or in a group to develop the flowchart but by the end of the period, everyone must have a flowchart