CHS AP Psychology Unit 3: Biological Psychology Essential Task 3-5b:Describe the subdivisions and functions of the peripheral nervous system: A. Somatic.

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CHS AP Psychology Unit 3: Biological Psychology Essential Task 3-5b:Describe the subdivisions and functions of the peripheral nervous system: A. Somatic Nervous System B. Autonomic Nervous System –i. Sympathetic Nervous System (Fight or Flight) –ii. Parasympathetic Nervous System (Rest and Digest)

The Central Nervous System The Brain The Spinal Cord

Complex cable of nerves that connects brain to rest of the body Carries motor impulses from the brain to internal organs and muscles Carries sensory information from extremities and internal organs to the brain 400,000 people a year in US either partial or complete paralysis.

The Spinal Cord The spinal cord controls some protective reflex movements without any input from the brain

The Somatic Nervous System Consists of neurons that communicate between the body and the brain Motor Neurons –Neurons that carry messages from the spinal cord (through interneurons) or brain to muscles and glands

The Autonomic Nervous System Sympathetic division –Most active when you are angry, afraid, or aroused –Increases heart rate and breathing –Stops digestion –“Fight-or-flight”

SNS = Evolutionary Byproduct

What “fear” looks like… (Taken in a Haunted House) A Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) Response

Hold me!

Congo line of fear

Even Flannel Bros have an SNS response

The “I’m not really here to protect you; I just happen to be in front” response.

Fight, Flight and “Freeze”?

The pupils don’t just dilate for some people. The eyes widen, too!

The Autonomic Nervous System Parasympathetic division –Calms body –Produces effects opposite to those of the sympathetic division –Reduces heart rate and breathing –Restores digestion –“Rest and Digest”

The Hypothalamus Has Central Control of the ANS When someone experiences a stressful event, the amygdala, an area of the brain that contributes to emotional processing, sends a distress signal to the hypothalamus. –This area of the brain functions like a command center, communicating with the rest of the body through the nervous system so that the person has the energy to fight or flee. The hypothalamus is involved in the coordination of ANS responses –One section of the hypothalamus seems to control many of the "fight or flight" responses; another section favors "rest and digest" activities

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