Child Psychopathology Oppositional-Defiant Disorder Conduct Disorder Social Problem-solving video Reading: Chapter 6
Does Bart Simpson have a Disruptive Behavior Disorder? 7G02 I will not waste chalk 7G03 I will not skateboard in the halls 7G04 I will not burp in class 7G06 I will not instigate revolution 7G09 I will not draw naked ladies in class 7G07 I did not see Elvis 7G10 I will not call my teacher "Hot Cakes" 7G13 Garlic gum is not funny 7G12 They are laughing at me, not with me 7G01 I will not yell "Fire" in a crowded classroom 7F03 I will not encourage others to fly 7F03x I will not fake my way through life 7F02 Tar is not a play thing 7F01 I will not Xerox my butt
Ways of thinking of antisocial behavior Overt vs. covert Destructive vs. nondestructive Verbal vs. physical aggression Instrumental vs. hostile aggression Direct vs. indirect aggression Reactive vs. proactive agression Four types of youth violence (Figure 6.4): Situational Relationship Predatory Psychopathological
DSM-IV Criteria Oppositional-Defiant Disorder (T: 6.1) age inappropriate stubborn, irritable, and defiant behaviors Conduct Disorder CD (T: 6.2) persistent pattern of violating basic rights of others and societal norms or rules Antisocial personality disorder (<18 yrs) repetitive aggressive, law-breaking behaviors signs of psychopathy (no guilt or remorse)
Gender differences For CD, 3:1 male-female ratio Boys show earlier onset and greater persistence Gender disparity decreases in adolescence Early signs: Boys - aggression and theft Girls - early menarche, sexually precocious Note: CD boys & girls are drawn together
Developmental pathways Life-Course-Persistent Pathway Figure 6.7: Patterson’s 1992 Dev’t Model Adolescent Limited Pathway Difficult Temperament Attentional Problems Oppositional Behavior Conduct Disorder Contact with Law Young adulthood: “Normal” adjustment CD arises during teen years What kind of trouble? How permanent is impact? Life trajectory?
Biological Causes of CD Temperament, impulsivity, emotional lability, lack of persistance, restlessness, negativity, poor coping Genetic contributions for overt behaviors and LCP path (parent crminality) Insensitivity to rewards Low psychological arousal & autonomic reactivity: Sensation-seeking
Social cognitive factors Cognitive deficiencies and distortions misinterpretation of neutral events as hostile Bill: he “looked at me” wrong Deficits may occur encoding and interpreting Problem solving: searching for R, choosing one, implementing
Family factors Dysfunctional family functioning Family conflict, violence, inconsistent or ineffective parenting, transitions, antisocial family values (e.g., police are stupid) Bidirectional causality Coercive parenting cycle Insecure attachment may predict antisocial behavior Other family stress (e.g., financial)
Societal factors Poverty, crime areas, residential mobility, no sense of community Media influence: Reinforces pre-existing tendencies towards violent or exploitive acts Culture and ethnicity are confounded with SES, may exacerbate problems in teen years (gangs & “turf” may be along ethnic lines)
Treatment Poor prognosis for antisocial behaviors & LCP this includes psychotherapy, group therapy, tutoring, punishment, boot camps Early intervention for ODD and CD: Parent-management training Cognitive problem solving skills training focus on distortions and deficiencies Multi-systemic treatment: Family system manipulation