Porosity, Permeability and Ground Water

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Presentation transcript:

Porosity, Permeability and Ground Water Don’t let it slip through your brain!! HeHeHe

Porosity porosity: the percentage of rock or sediment that consists of voids or openings Equation: Porosity (%)= amount of pore space/ amount of substance

Porosity The porosity of an object depends on three things: The packing of the particles The sorting of the particles The shape of the particles Loosely packed rounded Closely packed Angular

Porosity Tight packing reduces porosity Poorly sorted materials made up of particles of various sizes have a lower porosity because the smaller particles occupy the pore spaces between the larger particles. Round particles are more porous than materials made up of angular or irregularly shaped particles (puzzle pieces).

POROSITY

Permeability permeability: the ability of a soil to transmit water through it. porous: a rock that holds much water permeable: a rock that allows water to flow easily through it impermeable: a rock that does not allow water to flow through it easily

Factors that Affect Permeability The rate of permeability depends on the size of the pores How the pores are connected High permeability: large pores that are well connected Sand Low perm.: small pores that are not well connected. Clay

PERMEABILITY

Capillarity Capillarity: The ability of a soil to draw water upward into tiny spaces between soil grains. Soil composed of very small particles show the most capillarity. Paper towel in water.

Ground Water ground water: the water that lies beneath the ground surface It fills the pore space between grains in bodies of sediment and clastic sedimentary rock, and filling cracks and crevices in all types of rock source of ground water is rain and snow that falls to the ground a portion of which percolates (bubbles) down into the ground to become ground water

Ground Water Vocab. Words Evaporation: The process when water changes from a liquid to a gas Transpiration: “sweat of plants”; when green plants release water vapor as a byproduct of photosynthesis Sublimation: Of snow and ice, which can become water vapor without passing through the liquid state.

The Water Cycle

Groundwater Zones Ground Zone of Aeration Natural filter for water Water Table Larger the water table: Deeper the well Zone of Saturation Impermeable Bedrock

The Water Table (cont.)