In the field of industry, Pakistan at the time of independence started almost from a scratch i.e. very weak meager condition.
34 small industrial units out of total 921 in the subcontinent. Cotton textile, cigarettes, sugar, rice husking, cotton ginning and flour milling. These together contributed only 7% of GNP employments. 34 small industrial units out of total 921 in the subcontinent. Cotton textile, cigarettes, sugar, rice husking, cotton ginning and flour milling. These together contributed only 7% of GNP employments.
Main policy emphasis on import substitution. Industrial backwardness in 1948: A country producing nearly 75 % of the world’s production of jute does not possess a single jute mill. Annual production of over 15 lac bales of good quality cotton, but few cotton mills to utilize it. Main policy emphasis on import substitution. Industrial backwardness in 1948: A country producing nearly 75 % of the world’s production of jute does not possess a single jute mill. Annual production of over 15 lac bales of good quality cotton, but few cotton mills to utilize it. Phase I (Industrial Policy of )
Abundant Hides, skins, wool, sugarcane and tobacco. Untapped resources of minerals and petroleum. Abundant Hides, skins, wool, sugarcane and tobacco. Untapped resources of minerals and petroleum. Phase I (Industrial Policy of )
Matter of priorities in February 1953 Use of own materials e.g. cotton, jute, bamboos, sugarcane, wools, hides and skin Reduction of imports Maximum productive Maximum employment Net social and economic advantages to the country. Arms and ammunition, atomic energy, production of railway wagons, telephone and wireless apparatus Matter of priorities in February 1953 Use of own materials e.g. cotton, jute, bamboos, sugarcane, wools, hides and skin Reduction of imports Maximum productive Maximum employment Net social and economic advantages to the country. Arms and ammunition, atomic energy, production of railway wagons, telephone and wireless apparatus Phase I (Industrial Policy of )
Phase II (Industrial Policy of ) Military government came in power. Review various economic spheres. New industrial policy announce in Renewed emphasis on private sector Military government came in power. Review various economic spheres. New industrial policy announce in Renewed emphasis on private sector
Development of agro based industries with a particular focus on export industries. Shift away from its light consumer goods and easy processing category towards intermediate and capital industries i.e. electrical, chemical, machine tools. Development of agro based industries with a particular focus on export industries. Shift away from its light consumer goods and easy processing category towards intermediate and capital industries i.e. electrical, chemical, machine tools. Phase II (Industrial Policy of )
a)Mixed economy Iron and steel industries Basic metal industries Heavy engineering industries Assembly and manufacture of motor vehicles Tractor plants a)Mixed economy Iron and steel industries Basic metal industries Heavy engineering industries Assembly and manufacture of motor vehicles Tractor plants Phase III (Industrial Policy of )
Heavy and basic chemicals Petro-chemical industries Cement industries Public utility including electrical generations, gas, oil refineries. Heavy and basic chemicals Petro-chemical industries Cement industries Public utility including electrical generations, gas, oil refineries.
Phase III (Industrial Policy of ) b) Nationalization ( Board of industrial management) Federal Chemicals and ceramics corporation limited Federal Light engineering corporation limited National design and industrial services corporation limited National Fertilizer Corporation of Pakistan. Pakistan automobile corporation limited b) Nationalization ( Board of industrial management) Federal Chemicals and ceramics corporation limited Federal Light engineering corporation limited National design and industrial services corporation limited National Fertilizer Corporation of Pakistan. Pakistan automobile corporation limited
Pakistan Industrial Development Corporation of Pakistan. Pakistan steel mills corporation State cement corporation limited Heavy engineering and machine tools limited State petroleum refining and petrol Chemical Corporation limited. Pakistan Industrial Development Corporation of Pakistan. Pakistan steel mills corporation State cement corporation limited Heavy engineering and machine tools limited State petroleum refining and petrol Chemical Corporation limited. Phase III (Industrial Policy of )
Industrial units producing Vegetable ghee were also nationalized. Shipping industry was nationalized in January Some Agricultural processing industries were nationalized in July Labor reforms Industrial units producing Vegetable ghee were also nationalized. Shipping industry was nationalized in January Some Agricultural processing industries were nationalized in July Labor reforms
Phase III (Industrial Policy of ) Re-imposition of exports duties Reductions of sales tax rate on imports Fiscal incentives for less developed areas of the countries. Re-imposition of exports duties Reductions of sales tax rate on imports Fiscal incentives for less developed areas of the countries.
Phase IV (Industrial Policy of ) Denationalization. Agriculture processing units denationalize. Dear Ismail Khan and Malakand Division (Five year tax holiday and revision of import duty on machinery for industries). Denationalization. Agriculture processing units denationalize. Dear Ismail Khan and Malakand Division (Five year tax holiday and revision of import duty on machinery for industries).
Industrial policy in 1990s Deletion policy Deregulation measures Privatization Policy Deletion policy Deregulation measures Privatization Policy
Comprehensive deletion policy was announce in 1987 Objective to achieve self-reliance Engineering sector Ensuring transfer technology Developing linkages various segment of the industries. Comprehensive deletion policy was announce in 1987 Objective to achieve self-reliance Engineering sector Ensuring transfer technology Developing linkages various segment of the industries. Deletion policy