8.4 – E ARTH ’ S LAYERED STRUCTURE Mrs. Guzman 2/6/13.

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Presentation transcript:

8.4 – E ARTH ’ S LAYERED STRUCTURE Mrs. Guzman 2/6/13

H OW DO THEY KNOW ? Scientists cannot “see” into the interior of the Earth, so they can INFER what is in there based upon studying: The behavior of earthquake waves (energy) Material from meteroites Experimentation with materials

C OMPOSITION VS. PROPERTIES

Properties Composition Source: Lower Mantle

L AYERS BY COMPOSITION Crust thin, rocky outer layer. Contains both oceanic (7km) and continental crust (8- 75km). Composed of granite and granodiorite Mantle Solid rocky shell between crust and core. Extends ~ 2890 km. Composed of peridotite Core Sphere composed mostly of extremely dense iron-nickel alloy

L AYERS BY PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Changes in temperature, pressure, and density with depth that determine how each layer behaves (it’s properties) Lithosphere = outermost layer. Consists of crust and uppermost mantle. Cool, rigid shell about 100km thick Asthenosphere = soft, weak layer. Rocks are close to melting and are easily deformed Lower Mantle = rigid layer from 660km down to the bottom of the mantle. Strong, but capable of being deformed *Inner and Outer Core Outer = liquid layer 2260 km thick. Made of metallic iron that creates magnetic field Inner = radius of 1220 km. High temps, but material is solid due to very high pressure

HOW? Animation of P and S waves through the interior: ntent/visualizations/es1009/es1009page01.cfm ntent/visualizations/es1009/es1009page01.cfm