15.1 Citizenship and Immigration

What is a Citizen? Member of a state that can participate in it.  Can participate in its governance.  Citizens are protected by the state.

Citizen Responsibilities Citizens have to...  Understand/Obey the law.  Pay taxes!  Respect others' rights.  Participate in public service (jury duty, voting)

Ways to Become a Citizen Birth rite Citizenship  Have a parent who is a U.S. Citizen! Jus sanguinis (Law of the blood) Parent must have lived in U.S. At least 5 years.  Be born in the United States Jus soli (Law of the soil) Parents have to be under U.S. Authority.  Who does this exempt?

Ways to become a Citizen The third way... Naturalization!  Legal process for Immigrants to gain citizenship.

Naturalization Process Restriction on who can apply. Immigrants must;  Enter the U.S. Legally.  Be financially independent.  Be literate.  No mental illnesses or drug addictions.  No criminal record!

Naturalization Process Naturalization available to permanent residents. To apply, residents must file two things.  Citizenship application  Declaration on Intent 5 year residency requirement.

Becoming a Citizen - Applicants must prove that they; - Lived in the U.S. For 5 years. - Are Can read/write/speak English. - Good, moral character; -Supports order in the U.S.

Becoming a Citizen - After all that... Citizenship! - U.S. Can also grant citizenship to groups of people at will.

Losing Citizenship - Denaturalization - Loss of citizenship - Only happens when someone has fraudulently gotten citizenship. - Expatriation - Renouncement of citizenship