Unit Five: Chapter 30 • aloof • longevity • ambivalent • magnitude • augment • mundane • dispel • obscure • explicit • render Page 164 in textbook.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 1 aloof – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 1 aloof – adjective • Some people say that the British are aloof, but the British people I’ve met seem warm and open. • I knew that Tyrell was upset with me about something because he was aloof even when I tried to be friendly. Aloof means A. motivated. B. lazy. C. cold. Page 164 in textbook. Answer: C The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 1 aloof – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 1 aloof – adjective • Some people say that the British are aloof, but the British people I’ve met seem warm and open. • I knew that Tyrell was upset with me about something because he was aloof even when I tried to be friendly. Aloof means A. motivated. B. lazy. C. cold. Page 164 in textbook. The words warm and open mean the opposite of aloof, which means “cold.” If Tyrell was upset with the person, Tyrell would react to friendliness by being cold.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 2 ambivalent – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 2 ambivalent – adjective • “Because I’m ambivalent about marriage,” Earl said, “I keep swinging back and forth between wanting to set the date and wanting to break off my engagement.” • I’m ambivalent about my counselor. I appreciate her desire to be helpful, but I dislike her efforts to interfere in my life. Ambivalent means A. meaning well. B. having mixed feelings. C. experienced. Page 164 in textbook. Answer: B The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 2 ambivalent – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 2 ambivalent – adjective • “Because I’m ambivalent about marriage,” Earl said, “I keep swinging back and forth between wanting to set the date and wanting to break off my engagement.” • I’m ambivalent about my counselor. I appreciate her desire to be helpful, but I dislike her efforts to interfere in my life. Ambivalent means A. meaning well. B. having mixed feelings. C. experienced. Page 164 in textbook. If Earl keeps swinging back and forth between these two plans of action, he must have mixed feelings about marriage. In the second sentence, appreciating the counselor’s efforts to help while disliking her interference demonstrates that the speaker has mixed feelings.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 3 augment – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 3 augment – verb • Why are women so willing to augment their height by wearing high heels when this kind of footwear is so bad for their feet? • Because Jamila needed additional money, she augmented her salary by typing term papers for college students. Augment means A. to add to. B. to risk. C. to cover up. Page 164 in textbook. Answer: A The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 3 augment – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 3 augment – verb • Why are women so willing to augment their height by wearing high heels when this kind of footwear is so bad for their feet? • Because Jamila needed additional money, she augmented her salary by typing term papers for college students. Augment means A. to add to. B. to risk. C. to cover up. Page 164 in textbook. High heels add to a woman’s height. If Jamila needed additional money, she must have added to her salary by typing term papers.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 4 dispel – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 4 dispel – verb • Vickie’s sweet note of apology was enough to dispel the slight anger Rex still felt toward her. • I tried to dispel my friend’s fears about her blind date that evening by telling her that my parents met on a blind date. Dispel means A. to cause. B. to eliminate. C. to communicate. Page 164 in textbook. Answer: B The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 4 dispel – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 4 dispel – verb • Vickie’s sweet note of apology was enough to dispel the slight anger Rex still felt toward her. • I tried to dispel my friend’s fears about her blind date that evening by telling her that my parents met on a blind date. Dispel means A. to cause. B. to eliminate. C. to communicate. Page 164 in textbook. A sweet note of apology would be likely to eliminate Rex’s anger. In the second item, pointing to a blind date that turned out well would be a way to eliminate the friend’s fears about a blind date.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 5 explicit – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 5 explicit – adjective • Even though the instructions were explicit, we were still unable to put the bookcase together. • My parents were very explicit about what I could and could not do during their three-day absence. They presented me with a detailed list! Explicit means A. brief. B. mysterious. C. specific. Page 164 in textbook. Answer: C The next slide explains the answer. “You’ll need to make your wish more explicit than just ‘I want to be happy.’ Ask for something specific—like glass slippers or Prince Charming.”

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 5 explicit – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 5 explicit – adjective • Even though the instructions were explicit, we were still unable to put the bookcase together. • My parents were very explicit about what I could and could not do during their three-day absence. They presented me with a detailed list! Explicit means A. brief. B. mysterious. C. specific. Page 164 in textbook. They were not able to put the bookcase together in spite of the specific instructions. In the second item, it the parents presented a detailed list, they must have been very specific in their instructions. “You’ll need to make your wish more explicit than just ‘I want to be happy.’ Ask for something specific—like glass slippers or Prince Charming.”

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 6 longevity – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 6 longevity – noun • Toyotas and Hondas are known for their longevity, often outlasting more expensive cars. • The animal with the greatest longevity is the giant land tortoise, which can live several hundred years. Longevity means A. form. B. long life. C. size. Page 164 in textbook. Answer: B The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 6 longevity – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 6 longevity – noun • Toyotas and Hondas are known for their longevity, often outlasting more expensive cars. • The animal with the greatest longevity is the giant land tortoise, which can live several hundred years. Longevity means A. form. B. long life. C. size. Page 164 in textbook. If Toyotas and Hondas outlast many other cars, they would be known for their long life. An animal that can live several hundred years has a long life.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 7 magnitude – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 7 magnitude – noun • Numbers in the billions and trillions are of too great a magnitude for most people to grasp. • When the bank teller realized the magnitude of his error, he panicked at the thought of being held responsible for the loss of so large a sum of money. Magnitude means A. a great amount. B. a time. C. a length. Page 165 in textbook. Answer: A The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 7 magnitude – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 7 magnitude – noun • Numbers in the billions and trillions are of too great a magnitude for most people to grasp. • When the bank teller realized the magnitude of his error, he panicked at the thought of being held responsible for the loss of so large a sum of money. Magnitude means A. a great amount. B. a time. C. a length. Page 165 in textbook. Numbers in the billions and trillions are too large (too great an amount) for most people to grasp. If the teller was responsible for the loss of a large sum of money, his error must have been a great amount.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 8 mundane – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 8 mundane – adjective • Because Usha teaches belly dancing every day, it is simply one more mundane activity to her. • The most mundane activities can turn into extraordinary events. For instance, I met my best friend while washing my clothes at the laundromat. Mundane means A. exciting. B. painful. C. commonplace. Page 165 in textbook. Answer: C The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 8 mundane – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 8 mundane – adjective • Because Usha teaches belly dancing every day, it is simply one more mundane activity to her. • The most mundane activities can turn into extraordinary events. For instance, I met my best friend while washing my clothes at the laundromat. Mundane means A. exciting. B. painful. C. commonplace. Page 165 in textbook. Something that Usha does every day would seem a commonplace activity to her. Washing one’s clothes at the laundromat is usually a commonplace experience.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 9 obscure – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 9 obscure – adjective • The chemist didn’t express his theory clearly, so it remained obscure to all but a few scientists. • The police easily discovered who committed the murder, but even to the best psychiatrists, the killer’s motives remained obscure. Obscure means A. unimportant. B. unclear. C. known. Page 165 in textbook. Answer: B The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 9 obscure – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 9 obscure – adjective • The chemist didn’t express his theory clearly, so it remained obscure to all but a few scientists. • The police easily discovered who committed the murder, but even to the best psychiatrists, the killer’s motives remained obscure. Obscure means A. unimportant. B. unclear. C. known. Page 165 in textbook. If the chemist didn’t express his theory clearly, it remained unclear to most people. In contrast with easily discovering who committed the murder, the reason for committing it remained unclear and therefore difficult to discover.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 10 render – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 10 render – verb • Don’t let the baby near your term paper with that crayon, or she will render it unreadable. • Phyllis added so much red pepper to the chili that she rendered it too hot for anyone to eat. Render means A. to remember. B. to make. C. to wish. Page 165 in textbook. Answer: B The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 10 render – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 10 render – verb • Don’t let the baby near your term paper with that crayon, or she will render it unreadable. • Phyllis added so much red pepper to the chili that she rendered it too hot for anyone to eat. Render means A. to remember. B. to make. C. to wish. Page 165 in textbook. A baby with a crayon could easily make a term paper unreadable. If Phyllis added too much red pepper, she would make the chili too hot to eat.