14/02/20081 Urban mobility Griet De Ceuster

14/02/20082 CONTENTS Mobility concepts in a city: technologies in a mobility perspective Challenges for implementation

14/02/20083 The mobility system travellers vehicles infrastructure traffic systems type of vehicle and infrastructure, vehicle control, traffic control, etc mobility concepts availability, type of transport service, connections, network, etc

14/02/20084 Availability and use of vehicles Availability (for subsequent trips) –private: no vehicle sharing –public: subsequent users share the same vehicle Use (during trip) –individual: no vehicle sharing during trip –shared: few travellers share the same vehicle –collective: many travellers share the same vehicle

14/02/20085 Present mobility concepts private public shared (small groups) collective (large groups) public individual (or friends, relatives) individual (or friends, relatives) availabilityuse

14/02/20086 Present mobility concepts private public shared (small groups) collective (large groups) availabilityuse private (individual) transport individual transport service shared transport service collective transport service road based concepts private car public car (taxi, car sharing) minibus (or shared taxi) bus public individual (or friends, relatives) individual (or friends, relatives)

14/02/20087 Automation of the traffic system manual driving driver assistance full automation

14/02/20088 Automation of the traffic system manual driving driver assistance full automation driver needed no driver needed

14/02/20089 Automation of the traffic system traffic system mobility concepts manual driving driver assistance full automation driver needed no driver needed

14/02/ Automation of the traffic system traffic system mobility concepts manual driving driver assistance full automation driver needed no driver needed enables innovative transport services  Full automation makes the difference!

14/02/ Road-based mobility concepts private car (+ADA) public car (+ADA) (taxi, car sharing) minibus (+ADA) bus (+ADA) with driver private (individual) transport individual transport service shared transport service collective transport service

14/02/ Road-based mobility concepts private car (+ADA) public car (+ADA) (taxi, car sharing) automated public car minibus (+ADA) automated minibus bus (+ADA) automated bus with driverautomated private (individual) transport individual transport service shared transport service collective transport service

14/02/ Road-based mobility concepts private car (+ADA) private car in automated environment public car (+ADA) (taxi, car sharing) automated public car minibus (+ADA) automated minibus bus (+ADA) automated bus with driverautomated private (individual) transport individual transport service shared transport service collective transport service

14/02/ Mobility concepts in a city private car (+ADA) private car in automated environment public car (+ADA) (taxi, car sharing) automated public car minibus (+ADA) automated minibus bus (+ADA) automated bus

14/02/ Mobility concepts in a city private car (+ADA) private car in automated environment public car (+ADA) (taxi, car sharing) automated public car minibus (+ADA) automated minibus bus (+ADA) automated bus

14/02/ Mobility concepts in a city private car (+ADA) private car in automated environment public car (+ADA) (taxi, car sharing) automated public car minibus (+ADA) automated minibus bus (+ADA) automated bus dual mode vehicle high tech bus advanced city car cybercar PRT vehicles requiring a dedicated guideway road vehicles

14/02/ What does a city need? Be aware of available technologies Have a clear goal: environment, economic, social, liveablity, energy saving, … Solve administrative, legal and organisational issues And… a large budget

14/02/ Technologies Personal Rapid Transit Dual-Mode Applications Pallet Transport Systems Automated Highway

14/02/ Most suitable vehicle type

14/02/ Start implementation Test Tracks, System Studies and Simulation Economic Analyses and Feasibility Studies

14/02/ Research City Mobil CyberCars/Move, NETMOBIL, EDICT PRT, CTS, ADAS, Advanced Car Sharing Test Sites, Demo Sites, Implementations Various Project Evaluation Activities NETMOBIL Transport/ Business Case Table First Draft Economic Analysis Methodology

14/02/ Points of attention Systems safety and reliability Harmonization and standardization City marketing Legal issues Costs and benefits

14/02/ Systems safety and reliability Safety: the passenger or others should not be harmed by the design of the system or during ordinary transport System must be robust and reliable The system should fit for purpose, with the correct capacity.

14/02/ Harmonization and standardization Lack of harmonization and standardisation imply an investment barrier due to high costs, important barrier against large scale introduction

14/02/ City marketing Scepticism of city authorities General public scepticism, especially on safety issues Installation of a new and advanced transport system might have negative impacts on the visual appearance of the city If a pilot proves wrong, this could represent a significant barrier for ability to a full scale introduction in other cities The failure of a system would cast an extremely negative impact on the city image

14/02/ Legal and security issues Personal safety of persons being transported by an unmanned system The liability of the driver in an ADAS is an important aspect: any ADAS that in some way falls under road equipment, regardless of who put it there, is the liability of the road authority The possibility that terrorists misuse the system Surveillance system would be anticipated – this could represent an important barrier due to existing legal framework and concern for privacy

14/02/ Costs and benefits Difficult to have a robust cost forecast for innovative systems Obtaining funding for implementation is challenging Have a clear goal !!!

14/02/ Upcoming City Mobil will deliver a handbook for cities with good examples, implementation tracks, what kind of effects can be expected, …

14/02/ Thank you! Griet De Ceuster