Text Structures and Text Features Ginny Webb Henry Moss Middle School August 2015

Fiction versus Non-Fiction Not real Characters Setting Plot Exposition Rising action Climax Falling Action Resolution

Plot Mountain

Fiction versus Non Fiction Usually True and informational Can be organized in different ways Cause and Effect Sequential Order Problem/Solution Description Compare and Contrast Chronological Order Main Idea and Details

Informational Text Designed to convey factual information Gives important information about people, places, things Examples Newspaper article Chapter in a textbook Recipe in a cookbook

More Examples of Informational Text Atlas Autobiography Biography Brochure Cookbook Diary Email Encyclopedia Manual Internet website Newspaper Pamphlet Poster Phone book TV Guide Warranty

Text Features Help you pick out the important information in a informational text Divided into 3 categories Organizational Print graphic

Organizational Text Features Used to help organize text Table of contents Index Glossary Appendix Atlas

Examples

Print Text Features Shows important information Headings Subheadings Bold or highlighted print Italics Underlining Font Bullet points

Examples Heading Subheading

Graphic Text Features Used to expand the meaning of text Illustrations Sidebars Maps Charts/tables Time lines Graphs

Examples Graph Sidebar

What are the Organizational Text Structures? Explanation Signal Words Questions to Ask Cause and Effect Why something happened and the result of it happening Therefore, so this led to, because, as a result Why did something happen? What were the results of it happening? Sequential Order Describes the order or tells the steps to follow First, second, third, before, after, next What steps are listed? Do the steps have to happen in a certain order? Compare/Contrast Shows how two things are alike or different Like, unlike, but, in contrast, on the other hand, however, both, also, too, as well as How are two things alike? How are they different? What do they have in common?

What are the Organizational Text Structures? Type Explanation Signal Words Questions to Ask Chronological Order Time order in which events occur The use of dates What are the dates the events happened? In what order did they happen? Main Idea/Details Key concept and information that supports the concept For example, also, one reason, another reason What is the main idea being expressed? What details support the idea?

Practice Time! You will be given a worksheet to complete as a whole group.

Text Features

Purpose of Text Features Help us 1. identify important information Help us remember the big ideas and topics Used to support information in the text Pictures, maps, tables, etc

What are Text Features? Parts of a reading passage that stand out from the rest of the information 2. Used to bring important information to our attention

How Do We Use Them? 3. Preview text features before reading Think about the ideas the author wants you to remember “Read” everything-the captions, sidebars, labels, fine print...all of this can help you understand the information presented in the text

Types of Text Features 4. Table of Contents Glossary Index Underlined, bold, italicized, highlighted words Headings/subheadings Font styles and colors Diagrams, charts, tables, graphs, maps Pictures or illustrations Sidebars Captions Bullets or numbered lists Timeline

Table of Contents Makes it easier to locate information in the text A list of chapter titles from a book 5. Tells you what page chapters begin on What page does Chapter 2 start on? 6. Page15

Glossary 7. Gives definitions of words found in a text Helps you know what the words in the book mean What is the definition of galaxy? 8. A cluster of stars, dust, and gas held together by gravity

Index Detailed alphabetical listing of names, places, topics, and the page numbers where that information can be found 9. Helps find specific information quickly What page will I find the Matrix-method? 10. Page 556

Underlined, Bold, Italicized, or Highlighted Words Features used to draw attention to specific information Uses them to signal you to notice or remember something Usually used with vocabulary terms, section headings/subheadings, etc

Headings and Subheadings Found at the top of a paragraph or page Usually in larger font or different color 11. Sum up the topic or paragraph in just a few words

Font (Style, Size, and Color) Words can be in different styles, sizes, or colors to highlight important or key information 12. Font changes add variety to a page

Graphics (Diagrams, Charts, Tables, Graphs, Maps) 13. Explain or demonstrate ideas from the text Helps the reader see the text in a visual form Helps you see the information in chart/map/ form

Sidebar (Textbox) 14. Boxed information to the side of the page Usually have a color background or border Include text, illustrations, or other information to supplement the main text

Pictures/Illustrations 15. Provide support for the written text Sometimes give extra information Add visual appeal to a page

Captions 16. Usually added to the bottom of pictures (can also be beside or above a picture) Tells you what is happening in the picture or photograph What is the caption on this picture? Teacher Lighthouse Team

Bulleted List 17. Call attention to main ideas and details Things the author wants you to notice

Timelines Arranged in 18. CHRONOLOGICAL order Usually displayed along a line Connects events or puts events in order What year was Benjamin Franklin born? 1706

Quiz Time! Please clear your desks of everything except a piece of paper and a writing utensil. Number your paper 1-10 PUT YOUR NAME ON YOUR PAPER

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