Genetics Unit Review!

01 Two white sheep produce a black offspring. What is the dominant color?

The dominant color is White.

02 What are the three alleles for blood type?

A, B, and O

03 Blood type is an example of what type of inheritance?

Co-dominance

04 What is it called when an organism has two different alleles?

Heterozygous or Hybrid

05 What is it called when an organism has two of the same alleles??

HomozygousOrPurebred

06 In Mendel’s experiment, what happened in the F1 generation? The F2? (Give ratios)

In the F1 generation, the yellow pea disappeared. In the F2 generation, there was a 3:1 ratio of green:yellow (p. 237 in textbook)

07 Two white sheep produce a black offspring. What must the parents’ genotype for color be? What is the probability that the next offspring will be black?

The parents must be Wb and Wb. There is a 25% chance that the next offspring will be black.

08 Two copies of the same gene are known as what?

Alleles

09 Sections of chromosomes that code for our traits are called what?

Genes

10 This is the genetic material that makes up chromosomes.

DNA – Deoxyribonucleic Acid

11 Albinism is caused by a recessive gene. If normal parents have an albino child, what is the probability that their next child will be normal for color?

75 %

12 In the babies project, why did the males flip the coin to determine the baby’s gender?

Because in real life, the sperm (either an X or Y sperm) determines the sex of the child.

13 A black cat and a tan cat mate and form a tabby cat. What is this an example of? Which allele is dominant?

Incomplete dominance. Neither allele is dominant.

14 In a cross between a black- feathered bird and a white- feathered bird, the chicks will be gray. This is an example of…

Incomplete dominance. Neither allele is dominant.

15 Widows peak hairline in humans is dominant to non-widows peak hairline. If a person has a widows peak hairline, which of the following could she be? -Homozygous dominant -Homozygous recessive -Heterozygous

She could be either homozygous dominant or heterozygous.

16 What TWO conventions (Rules or ways of writing information) do we use for dominant traits while making a Punnett Square?

1. The dominant trait is capitalized 2. The dominant trait is listed first

17 The name for the way an organism looks or behaves.

Phenotype

18 The name for an organism’s specific genetic make-up.

Genotype

19 A yellow flower and a blue flower exhibit incomplete dominance, and produce green offspring. If two of these green flowers are bred, what will their offspring look like?

25% will be blue, 25% will be yellow, and 50% will be green

20 What was Mendel’s occupation, other than being a scientist?

He was a monk.

21 What were Punnetts years of birth and death?

(91 years old)

22 In the babies project, name 3 dominant traits that are common in humans.

Dimples, Freckles, Widow’s Peak, Free Ear Lobes… etc.

23 In the babies project, which hair color consisted of 4 recessive genes?

Pale Yellow Blonde

24 What is the synonym for Purebred?

Homozygous

25 How many base pairs are in the human genome?

3 Billion!!!!