Section 1: Spanish Settlements on the Frontier

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Presentation transcript:

Section 1: Spanish Settlements on the Frontier Main Ideas Spanish officials promoted the building of missions, presidios, towns, and ranches in the borderlands. The Spanish established missions along the western Rio Grande during the 1680s. Question: How did Spanish officials try to control the borderlands of New Spain?

To control the borderlands Mission-Presidio System Goal Four types of Spanish settlements Teach Indians about Catholicism and Spanish way of life Create Spanish presence in the Americas Protect Spanish citizens at missions and ranches missions, presidios, towns, ranchos

Section 2: The French Challenge Main Ideas The French under La Salle established a settlement on the Texas coast, but it failed. The French presence in Texas led the Spanish to create new missions in the region. Question: What effect did the La Salle expedition have on Spanish policy?

De León and Father Massanet find two French survivors. La Salle Expedition New Spanish Policy: The Spanish learn of the expedition and begin searching for it. De León and Massanet find the remains of Fort St. Louis and meet the Tejas. establish missions in East Texas to convert the Tejas and protect the region from the French

Section 3: The Spanish Return to Texas Main Ideas In response to a perceived threat from the French, the Spanish resettled in East Texas in the early 1700s. The Spanish built several missions, a presidio, and the region's first civil settlement near what is now San Antonio. Question: What settlements did the Spanish establish in the San Antonio River area?

San Antonio de Béxar Settlement Type Founder(s) Year San Antonio de Valero 1718 mission presidio 1720 civil settlement 1731 Martín de Alarcón San Antonio de Béxar Martín de Alarcón San José y San Miguel de Aguayo Antonio Margil de Jesús San Fernando de Béxar Canary Islander families

Section 4: The Expansion of Spanish Settlement Main Ideas The Aguayo expedition reopened missions in East Texas. José de Escandón helped settle the Rio Grande valley. Missions in Central Texas were attacked by the Apache. Question: How did the Spanish reestablish control of Texas after the departure of the French?

Conflict between France and Spain The Spanish return to Texas. Effects The Spanish abandon East Texas. Aguayo expedition Aguayo Expedition José de Escandón Central Texas missions founded missions and presidios strengthened Spanish control built settlements along Rio Grande secured Gulf Coast area missions failed to convert Apaches missions attacked by hostile Indians

Section 5: Life in Spanish Texas Main Ideas Mission life was structured around prayer and work. The life of a presidio soldier could be harsh. Life in Spanish settlements reflected the influence of Spanish culture, which is still felt in Texas today. Question: In what ways has Spanish culture influenced present-day Texas?

Examples of Spanish Influence in Texas routes of first Texas roads Catholic heritage and missions many Spanish place names Examples of Spanish Influence in Texas culture (architecture, art, food, language, music) cattle ranching traditions and terms legal traditions

How did the Spanish attempt to change American Indian culture? Chapter Wrap-Up How did the Spanish attempt to change American Indian culture? How did San Antonio’s climate and location help the settlement become successful? Why did the Spanish first leave and then return to Texas?