1. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Section 1: Spanish Settlements on the Frontier Main Ideas Spanish officials promoted the building of missions, presidios, towns, and ranches in the borderlands. The Spanish established missions along the western Rio Grande during the 1680s.

2. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Main Idea 1: Spanish officials promoted the building of missions, presidios, towns, and ranches in the borderlands. Objectives Explain how Spanish officials tried to control the borderlands of New Spain. Summarize why the Spanish established missions along the western Rio Grande during the 1680s. Spanish Control of the Texas Borderlands To control the Texas borderlands the Spanish built four types of settlements: — missions – religious communities — presidios – military bases — towns – small villages with farmers and merchants — ranchos – or ranches

3. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Main Idea 2: The Spanish established missions along the western Rio Grande during the 1680s. The Spanish Established Missions Along the Western Rio Grande To provide a place to live for settlers fleeing the Pueblo Revolt To use missions as a base to retake New Mexico Pueblo Revolt – revolution led by Pueblo leader Popé against the Spanish in New Mexico

4. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Section 2: The French Challenge Main Ideas The French under La Salle established a settlement on the Texas coast, but it failed. The French presence in Texas led the Spanish to create new missions in the region. The first Spanish missions in East Texas failed.

5. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Main Idea 1: The French under La Salle established a settlement on the Texas coast, but it failed. Objectives Explain why the French tried to build a settlement near the Mississippi River, and describe the outcome of this effort. Discuss the effect of the La Salle expedition on Spanish policy in Texas. Describe what happened to the first Spanish missions in East Texas. The French in the Mississippi River Area Wanted to gain a port for the fur trade Establish trade with the Spanish colonies To gain a claim to Texas and challenge Spain’s empire Expedition ended in disaster

6. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Main Idea 2: The French presence in Texas led the Spanish to create new missions in the region. Effect of the La Salle Expedition on Spanish Policy in Texas Spain sent expeditions to find and remove French settlements Built a mission in East Texas to protect their interests

7. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Main Idea 3: The first Spanish missions in East Texas failed. Failure of Spanish Missions in East Texas Location too remote Floods, droughts, disease Internal conflicts Indians not interested in religious instruction

8. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Section 3: The Spanish Return to Texas Main Ideas In response to a perceived threat from the French, the Spanish resettled in East Texas in the early 1700s. The Spanish built several missions, a presidio, and the region's first civil settlement near what is now San Antonio.

9. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Main Idea 1: In response to a perceived threat from the French, the Spanish resettled in East Texas in the early 1700s. Objectives Explain why and how the Spanish resettled in East Texas in the early 1700s. Summarize the Spanish settlement in the San Antonio River area and describe the results. French Send an Agent to Texas and the Results To search for Father Hidalgo – a missionary who wanted to open missions in East Texas Open up trade with the Spanish in Texas Led to the Spanish building new mission in East Texas

10. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Main Idea 2: The Spanish built several missions, a presidio, and the region's first civil settlement near what is now San Antonio. Spanish Goals in East Texas Firmly establish the mission system Convert the Tejas Indians Keep the French out of Texas Spanish Settlements and Results in the San Antonio River Area Midpoint between the East Texas missions and the Rio Grande settlement Mild climate and location by a river Became the site of the most successful Texas missions and settlements

11. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Section 4: The Expansion of Spanish Settlement Main Ideas The Aguayo expedition reopened missions in East Texas. José de Escandón helped settle the Rio Grande valley. Missions in Central Texas were attacked by the Apache.

12. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Main Idea 1: The Aguayo expedition reopened missions in East Texas. War Between France and Spain Affects Texas Led to the Chicken War, which caused Spain to abandon East Texas Re-established Spanish control of the region Separated control of French Louisiana and Spanish Texas Spanish founded new missions and presidios Chicken War – conflict between French and Spanish in Texas in which the French attacked a Spanish mission

13. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Main Idea 2: José de Escandón helped settle the Rio Grande valley. Apache and Comanche Response to Missions Failed to convert Indians who lacked interest Led to warfare between the Spanish and Indians

14. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Main Idea 3: Missions in Central Texas were attacked by the Apaches. Spanish Fail to Settle in Central Texas Apaches used the San Sabá mission as a base to raid their enemies. Enemies of the Apaches, including Comanches, Caddos, Tonkawas, retaliated by attacking San Sabá A Spanish counterattack failed to drive the Indians away

15. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Section 5: Life in Spanish Texas Main Ideas Mission life was structured around prayer and work. The life of a presidio soldier could be harsh. Life in Spanish settlements reflected the influence of Spanish culture, which is still felt in Texas today.

16. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Main Idea 1: Mission life was structured around prayer and work. Life in Spanish Missions Centered around work and worship Life was harsh, uncomfortable dwellings, little food Indians forced to grow food for themselves and the Spanish San Antonio and El Paso missions thrived Indians there adopted Spanish culture

17. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Main Idea 2: The life of a presidio soldier could be harsh. Life in Spanish Presidios and Settlements Life for soldiers was dangerous and difficult Settlements had diverse populations Consisted of homes, government buildings and stores Economy based on farming and ranching Social activities centered around church and family

18. Chapter 6 Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Next Texas History Main Idea 3: Life in Spanish settlements reflected the influence of Spanish culture, which is still felt in Texas today. Spanish Culture and Texas Today Spanish heritage present in Texas architecture and celebrations Apparent in music and food Spanish influence seen in place names or towns