1. Chapter 6 Missions and Settlements in Texas
Spain expanded efforts to colonize “Texas”
Time period: Late 1600’s to early 1700’s

2. A. First Mission in Texas
: Corpus Christi de la Ysleta (Body of Christ of Ysleta)
2. Near El Paso
3. Spain had settlement in New Mexico: Santa Fe 1609

3. B. Spain learned of La Salle & Fort St. Louis
Alonso de Leon expedition to destroy fort
Find no one alive at fort on April 22, 1689
Fort in ruins
De Leon travelled deeper into
East Texas from there with Angelina,
a Native guide and interpreter

4. C. Spanish meet Hasinai
They called them the “Tejas Indians” meaning friend
Hasanai: tribe of the Caddo
Father Damian Massanet, Catholic Church official who was on the De Leon expedition promised to return to the Tejas.

5. D. First East Texas Mission
Father Massanet got permission from the Viceroy to return and found a mission among the Tejas.
1690: Father Massanet, 4 friars and 100 soldiers left and Father Francisco Hidalgo took over.
Crude log buildings made up the Mission San Francisco de los Texas

6. San Francisco de los Tejas
Location not far from Caddo Mounds--- near Alto and Weches
Area in brown is location of the East Texas Missions
Replica of original mission in historical park today.

7. First Tejas Mission Failed
1. Drought ruined crops
2. Disease killed many Indians and one friar
3. Tejas rejected Catholic religion
4. Tejas resented Spanish attempts to change their way of life.

8. E. Spanish settlements along Rio Grande River
Mission San Juan Bautista (St. John the Baptist) built on west side of Rio Grande in 1699.
Known as the “Gateway to Texas” and the “Mother of Texas Missions”
Located at crossroads, grew into 3 missions, a presidio and a town run by Jose de Escandon
Along the Most well known road: El Camino Real

9. Roads to East Texas

10. Mission located near present-day Eagle Pass

11. F. Father Francisco Hidalgo
Spanish missionary had been at San Francisco de los Tejas. (Failed E. TX. Mission)
Wanted to return to the
Hasanai.
Viceroy ignored his requests.
Devised a plan.

12. F. France Threatens Again
1. Francisco Hidalgo asked French to set up a mission in East Texas.
2. French governor appointed Louis de St. Denis (Denee) to negotiate about this with Spanish officials on the Rio Grande.
3. Sets up a trading post named Natchitoches on the Red River in present-day Louisiana.
4. Ramon arrested St. Denis and sent him to Mexico City to be examined by viceroy to check his motives.

13. G. San Antonio is Founded
Spanish needed a midway settlement from the Rio Grande settlements to the East Texas missions.
Site on San Antonio River chosen: 1718
Known as San Antonio de Bexar---today, San Antonio is in Bexar County---the name is used today!

14. San Antonio de Bexar
Building plans of the Fort

15. San Antonio Missions: most missions in one location

16. Design of Spanish missions
Coahuiltecan Indians adapted well to mission life. Why?

17. Presidio San Antonio de Bexar
Fort: housed the soldiers
1718, built by Martin de Alarcon
Soldiers brought their families and settled permanently.
Why was this presidio a good idea?
What threats do you think the Spanish faced?

18. H. San Antonio de Valero San Antonio de Valero was a mission.
Built in 1718.
The mission church became known as the Alamo, and was the site of the fateful battle of the Texas Revolution.

19. San Antonio Today
MISSION TRAIL
SAN ANTONIO RIVER:
RIVER WALK

20. I. The Chicken War 1719
French attacked Mission San Miguel de Linares de los Adaes
Captured a Spanish soldier and looted hen house
Hens spooked horse and Frenchman fell; Spanish soldier escaped
4.The result: Viceroy sends Aguayo and 500 soldiers to re-establish abandoned missions and moved Presidio Nuestra Senora de la Dolores further east, closer to the French.

21. J. Los Adaes Becomes the first capital of Texas in 1722
Gov. Aguayo built a large presidio, Nuestra Senora del Pilar de los Adaes, near Natchitoches built with Franciscan Priest, Antonio Margil de Jesus
100 soldiers and their families started a village near the fort.
Becomes the first capital of Texas in 1722

22. Los Adaes
Location of Spanish fort
Louisiana Marker today

23. Los Adaes
Diagram of the fort
Diagram of Historic Park

24. La Bahia: 2nd fort Aguayo built
Aguayo moves on to site of Fort St. Louis: design of original fort
Builds a presidio on the site named La Bahia-later moved and this is the 2nd one.

25. La Bahia moved from Fort St
La Bahia moved from Fort St. Louis site to present day Goliad due to Karankawa problems
La Bahia in the distance
Chapel at La Bahia near Goliad today.

26. Presidio La Bahia
Spanish Cannon Barrel
Location of Goliad, Texas

27. K. La Bahia 1722
Presidio established on top of Ft. St. Louis by Domingo Ramon in 1721
Also founded a mission across a creek by Governor Aguayo
Was moved inland to present day Goliad by Jose de Escandon in 1749 because of Indian fights

28. Why Did Most of the Missions Fail?1) 2) 3)