Module 5 The Chemistry of Life

Name the 5 kingdoms of the 5 Kingdom Classification System  Monera (Bacteria)  Protista  Fungi  Plantae  Anamalia We are NOT starting a new kingdom, but discovering the Chemistry behind “Life”.

Module 5 Outline Terms 1.Atoms – The Basic Building Blocks of Life 2. Matter – Anything that has mass and takes up- space Example Matter ____________________ Not matter _________________ 3. Mass – Have mass, then you have weight

Remember???? What characteristic is used first to start classifying life? 1. Size 2. Type of energy consumed 3. Reproduction style 4. Cell type (prokaryotic or eukaryotic)

What Characteristic is used first to classify matter? 1. Size 2. Color 3. Electrical charge 4. Atoms

Page 126 Figure 5.1 is ONLY a MODEL of a Helium Atom Questions: Why is this only a model? Do we have any “real” pictures of atoms and their structures?

Outline Continued 4. Model – A explanation or representation of something that cannot be seen.

ProtonNeutronElectron Oxygen 8 protons 8 neutrons 8 electrons +0– Hydrogen 1 proton 1 electron  Everything is made of matter  Matter is made of atoms

Outline Continued CHARGE LOCATION Proton PositiveNucleus Neutron NoneNucleus Electron Negative Circulates around Nucleus Parts of Atom

C Different kinds of atoms = elements H ON PSNa K Mg Ca

Outlined Continued Why count… # Protons = # Electrons # Neutrons = affects mass, not charge # Electrons = # Protons

# of P, N, & E change the properties Helium = 2 N, 2 P, 2 E = GAS Carbon = 6 N, 6 P, 6 E = SOLID Oxygen = 8 N, 8 P, 8 E = GAS Electrons: Outer layer Reactive to # of ELECTRONS

What element is this? What is your reasoning?

On Your Own 5.1 Why called the “Planetary Model”? 5.2 What determines an atom’s properties? 5.3 An atom with 13 electrons has how many protons? * You will show your understanding when completed.

1.Draw a planetary model of a helium atom with 2 electrons, 2 protons and 2 neutrons. Label the parts of the atom in their correct location.

2.Why are electrons responsible for the majority the properties atoms demonstrate? HINT: How are neutrons different from electrons? How are protons different from electrons?

3.If an atom has 3 protons… Are you able to determine the # of neutrons or electrons? Protons

Study Guide 2. Where are the protons, neutron, and electrons located. 3. What (p,n or e) determine the vast majority of an atom’s characteristics. *Replace quiz score with this score.

Today we are going to learn… 1. the differences between elements 2. what the “2” in H 2 0 mean 3. the 6 important biological elements and their abbreviations. 4. to compare and contrast atoms called “helium-3” and “helium-4”

6. Element – Collection of atoms with same # of PROTONS. Elements Pg. 128 # of Protons = # of Electrons… Right? Are protons and neutrons ALWAYS equal? Don’t Write

Oxygen Compound H2O (2) Hydrogen atoms (1) Oxygen atom SO4 (1) Sulfur atom (4) Oxygen atoms Element O-17 Oxygen O

Element Names In your notes, write the Abbreviation and your guess at the elements name