The Revolutionary War Subtitle
Causes ▪ The major cause of the war is the French and Indian War ▪ Part of the 7 years fought in Europe. ▪ First world war ▪ Fought over the resources of North America between England and France and their native allies. ▪ The English win and gain control of North America. ▪ They incur major debt that they plan to pass on to the colonies for the price of protecting them.
The effects of the debt ▪ The Proclamation of forbid the colonists from moving west of the Appalachian Mts. ▪ Was done to keep peace with natives. Ignored by settlers ▪ The Stamp Act – Tax put on paper goods of all kind angered colonists and was repealed. In Georgia the Liberty Boys were formed to protest. Up north they were the Sons of Liberty. ▪ Intolerable Acts - These laws were put into place to punish Boston for the Boston Tea Party. Closed Boston Harbor and forced citizen to house English Troops (Quartering Act)
▪ Because of the anger the First Continental Congress meet to discuss the course of action. ▪ Georgia sends nobody because they rely on the King. Gov. Wright is trying to keep the peace but he is losing support. ▪ Noble Jones and Peter Tondee start leading the descent against the crown. ▪ The last straw is the Declaration of Independence. It tells England we are free we have had enough. ▪ Button Gwinnett, George Walton, and Lyman Hall sign it from Georgia.
▪ There are three parts the Preamble which explains our natural rights. ▪ Part Two is the list of grievances against the King ▪ Part three is the actual declaration of independence we are leaving.
The War ▪ Lexington and Concord – first battle of the war. ▪ Bunker Hill - told the English we would fight ▪ Saratoga – Turning point got the French to help us. ▪ Yorktown - Last major battle English surrender we are free. ▪ Kettle Creek - major battle in Georgia victory for Patriots led by Elijah Clark and Thomas Dooly ▪ Siege of Savannah – England takes city keeps it until U.S. and French troops try to take it back but get beat badly. Georgia the only colony the English take back.
Major people ▪ Loyalist - loyal to the King ▪ Elijah Clarke - hero at Kettle Creek ( Hornets Nest) ▪ Austin Dabney – slave who fought at Kettle Creek with honor. ▪ Nancy Hart - spy and patriot known for the capture of loyalist troops at her home ▪ Gwinnett, Hall, Walton – Signers of the Declaration of Independence
Georgia Constitution of 1777 ▪ Gave to much power to legislative branch. ▪ Created unicameral legislature. ▪ Judicial system ▪ Governor appointed by legislature. ▪ Was a reaction to powerful royal governors and abusive King of England. ▪ No ratification by citizens.
Articles of Confederation ▪ Weak central government. ▪ They could Declare War, Coin Money, Send Ambassadors. ▪ They could not collect taxes, Regulate trade between states, ▪ No judicial system or executive branch, one vote per state, all 13 states had to approve for a law to pass. ▪ Shays Rebellion pointed to the weakness and a new constitution had to be made.
The Constitution ▪ Country under threat from Natives and European powers. ▪ States were fighting things a mess. ▪ Constitutional Convention of Many compromises made. ▪ 3/5 Compromise made south happy in how slaves were counted for population purposes. ▪ Great Compromise - established a bicameral legislature HOR and Senate. ▪ Virginia Plan - made small states happy 2 votes in senate ▪ Abraham Baldwin and William Few sign it
▪ UGA is formed 1795 it is first public university in US ▪ Savannah, Augusta, Louisville, Milledgeville and Atlanta are the state capitals ▪ The Methodist and Baptist Churches grow in size because of camp meetings and circuit riders
Land policies ▪ Headright - head of the household over 21 could get 200 acres family men could get more. ▪ Land Lottery - Land was given away that was taken from natives. ▪ Yazoo Land Fraud – Land companies bribed Ga government to by land cheap and the sell it for a high price not always good land.
Technology ▪ Railroads – move goods from country to the coast faster. ▪ Cotton Gin - Changes everything Clean Cotton Faster
Natives ▪ Baldwin and Few sign Constitution to get help with natives. ▪ Creek - They fight for their lands. ▪ Battle of Horseshoe Creek ends the fighting. ▪ Treaty of Indian Springs - Chief William McIntosh signs away land. ▪ Cherokee - Try to be like whites to fit in and save land. ▪ Gold found on their lands changes everything. ▪ Worcester Case – said they were independent and not subject to laws. President Jackson will not enforce the law.
▪ Treaty of New Echota starts removal from land. ▪ Indian Removal Act sends them on Trail of Tears. ▪ Sequoyah – develops Cherokee alphabet ▪ John Ross – Chief of Cherokee that fights for them
▪ Turn in all three parts on Friday you will receive a classwork grade for each part. Monday Tuesday and Wednesday. I gave you a lot it will go along way to help. ▪ Thank You for working hard these past three days. I am proud of you.