National Science Foundation Congress and the National Science Foundation OLPA-1

National Science Foundation About NSF OLPA-2

National Science Foundation NSF Vision To enable America’s future through discovery, learning and innovation NSF Mission Promote the progress of science; Advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare ; and, Secure the national defense; and for other purposes OLPA-3

National Science Foundation NSF in a Nutshell Independent agency Supports basic research and education Uses grant mechanism Low overhead; highly automated Discipline-based structure Cross-disciplinary mechanisms Use of rotators and IPAs National Science Board OLPA-4

National Science Foundation Example Disciplines & Priorities OLPA-5

National Science Foundation NSF: Special Responsibilities Polar Programs –U.S. Antarctic Program Science Resources Statistics –Data collection and analysis –Science and Engineering Indicators International OLPA-6

National Science Foundation OLPA-7 NSF & Congress

National Science Foundation NSF Budget Cycle NSF President Submits Budget to Congress House Budget Committee Authorization Committees Appropriations Subcommittee Appropriations Committee Full House Version Senate Budget Committee Authorization Committees Appropriations Subcommittee Appropriations Committee Full Senate Version Develop Conference Report Each Chamber Passes Conference Report President Signs OMB OLPA-8

National Science Foundation NSF’s Congressional Players Budget Committee Committee on Science Subcommittee on Research Subcommittee on Science, Justice, and Commerce and Related Agencies Budget Committee Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice and Science HouseSenate Authorization Appropriations OLPA-9 Budget

National Science Foundation Authorization versus Appropriation Committees Authorize funding consistent with budget resolution Develop legislation to set program priorities, and to establish, continue, modify, or alter programs and program operations Oversight functions OLPA-10 Hold “power of the purse” Set specific expenditures of money by U.S. government, e.g., allocates funds to numerous government agencies, departments, and organizations Disperse spending allocations to Appropriations Subcommittees [“302(b)s”] Responsible for supplemental spending bills Role of authorization committees Role of appropriation committees

National Science Foundation The NSF Budget OLPA-11

National Science Foundation NSF FY 2007 Budget Request NSF Funding by Account OLPA-12 AmountPercent Research and Related Activities$4,234.82$4,331.48$4,665.95$ % Education and Human Resources % Major Research Equipment and % Facilities Construction Salaries and Expenses % National Science Board % Office of Inspector General % Total, NSF$5,480.78$5,581.17$6,020.21$ % Dollars in Millions FY 2005 Actual FY 2006 Current Plan FY 2007 Request Change over FY 2006

National Science Foundation (000) FY 2005FY 2006FY 2007Change Over FY 2006 Actual Current Plan RequestAmountPercent EPSCoR$93.35$98.72$100.00$ % EPSCoR Fiscal 2007 Request

National Science Foundation NSF FY 2007 Budget Request National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) Crosscuts OLPA-13 Dollars in Millions

National Science Foundation NSF FY 2007 Budget Request Major Research Equipment and Facilities Construction (MREFC) Account OLPA-14 Dollars in Millions

National Science Foundation NSF FY 2007 Budget Request Funding for Priority Areas: FY FY 2008 OLPA-15

National Science Foundation National Science Foundation Budget Current Dollars, 1986-present OLPA-16 Actual Dollars in Millions Current Dollars FY 2004 Constant Dollars

National Science Foundation Trends in NSF R&D, Request vs. Actual FY , billions of constant FY 2005 dollars Total = $5,605 M OLPA-17 Source: AAAS analyses of R&D in AAAS Reports I-XXX; FY 2006 actual figures are AAAS estimates of final FY 2006 appropriations. Dollars in Billions

National Science Foundation NSF Budget, FY budget authority in billions of constant FY 2006 dollars Total = $5,605 M OLPA-18 Source: NSF, Public Law and latest AAAS estimates of FY 2007 analyses of R&D in annual AAAS Reports VIII-XXXI. FY 2007 figures are President’s request. R&D includes conduct of R&D and R&D facilities. March ’06 © 2006 AAAS. Dollars in Billions

National Science Foundation OLPA-19 NSF in the “Big Picture”

National Science Foundation NSF 1.4% Federal Basic Research Total Federal R&D Total U.S. R&D ~$300 Billion NSF $4.1 Billion 3% $132.2 Billion $26.9 Billion NSF $3.5 Billion 13% OLPA-20 NSF’s Role in... 13% NSF $4.1 Billion

National Science Foundation OLPA-21 Important Trends

National Science Foundation OLPA-22 Trends in Federal R&D, FY Source: AAAS analyses of R&D in annual AAAS Reports VIII-XXXI. FY 2007 figures are President’s request. R&D includes conduct of R&D and R&D facilities. March ’06 © 2006 AAAS. billions of constant FY 2006 dollars

National Science Foundation Trends in Federal R&D FY billions of constant FY 2006 dollars Source: AAAS analyses of R&D in annual AAAS R&D reports. FY 2007 figures are President’s request. R&D includes conduct of R&D and R&D facilities. Data to 1984 are obligations from the NSF Federal Funds survey. Constant-dollar conversions use GDP deflators from OMB. March ’06 © 2006 AAAS. OLPA-23

National Science Foundation U.S. R&D Expenditures by Funding Source 1990–2004 NOTE: Current dollars; 2004 data are preliminary. Other includes $8 billion from universities’ own funds; NSB Science & Engineering Indicators – OLPA-24

National Science Foundation Trends in Research by Agency FY billions of constant FY 2006 dollars Source: AAAS analyses of R&D in annual AAAS R&D reports. FY 2007 figures are President’s request. Research includes basic and applied research figures are NSF data on obligations in the Federal Funds survey. March ’06 © 2006 AAAS. OLPA-25

National Science Foundation Source: AAAS analyses of R&D in AAAS Reports I-XXXI. FY 2007 figures are President’s request. Basic research only. March ’06 © 2006 AAAS. Trends in Basic Research by Agency FY billions of constant FY 2006 dollars OLPA-26

National Science Foundation Trends in Federal Academic Research by Discipline, FY obligations in billions of constant FY 2004 dollars Source: NSF, Federal Funds for Research and Development FY 2002, 2003, and FY 2003 and 2004 data preliminary. Data are for USDA, DOD, DOE, HHS, NASA, and NSF only. Other (*) includes research not elsewhere classified. Data exclude development and R&D facilities. October ’04 © 2004 AAAS. OLPA-27

National Science Foundation Sources of Academic R&D Funding Percent Federal government Academic institutions State/local government Industry Other SOURCES: NSF SRS, Academic Research and Development Expenditures: FY 2003; & WebCASPAR database, Science and Engineering Indicators 2006 appendix table 5-2. OLPA-28

National Science Foundation NSF Support as a Percentage of Total Federal Support of Academic Basic Research Percentage (excluding NIH) OLPA-29

National Science Foundation Innovation Resulting from US Federally-Funded Research Innovation The Internet Web Browser Bar Codes Fiber Optics Routers MRI Doppler Radar Speech Recognition Nanotechnology Computer Aided Design Source: Losing the Competitive Advantage? American Electronics Association, Funder DARPA/NSF NSF NSF NSF NSF NIH/NSF NSF NSF/DARPA NSF NSF/DARPA OLPA-30