Introduction to Plankton

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Plankton

What Exactly are Plankton? Plants Animals http://www.glerl.noaa.gov/seagrant/GLWL/Algae/DominantAlgae.html Akashiwo-F. Mazzillo Plants and animals that live in the water and cannot swim against major currents.

Plant-like Plankton = Phytoplankton Single cell or chain of cells http://www.umainetoday.umaine.edu/files/2009/05/chain-200x-darkfield.jpg Over a million phytoplankton in a teaspoon! http://www.umainetoday.umaine.edu/files/2009/05/chain-200x-darkfield.jpg Wikimedia Commons Bloom off the West coast

Animal-like Plankton = Zooplankton Jellyfish

Phytoplankton Shapes Phytoplankton live near the surface of the ocean because they need sunlight to make food. http://www.activities4kids.com.au/images/swim-floating%20on%20back.jpg http://www.activities4kids.com.au/images/swim-floating%20on%20back.jpg http://www.gettyimages.com/detail/92304462/Taxi http://www.gettyimages.com/detail/92304462/Taxi

Examples of Phytoplankton (Plant-like) Diatoms Dinoflagellates

Adaptations of Phytoplankton Dinoflagellates 2 flagella (tails) Hard shell Bloom http://uclamarc.blogspot.com/ Diatoms Various shapes Glass cell wall Spines Chains Dino- http://uclamarc.blogspot.com/ Zigzag- Australianmuseum.net.au http://australianmuseum.net.au/

Types of Zooplankton (Animal-like) Temporary (or Meroplankton) 2. Permanent (or Holoplankton) only part of their life cycle as plankton. whole life as plankton.

(zooplankton only when young) Meroplankton (zooplankton only when young) Crab Larva Reef Fish Larva

(spends whole life as plankton) Holoplankton (spends whole life as plankton) Euphausiid Copepod Amphipod

Why Are Plankton So Important? http://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/Media/Images/News-story-images/Sun-rays-over-the-ocean Mackerel http://www.mbari.org/news/ Small fish http://www.gowerfishing.co.uk/assets/ images/mackerel.jpg http://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/Media/Images/News-story-images/Sun-rays-over-the-ocean http://www.mbari.org/news/news_releases/2003/chavez_images/mba_sardines_low.jpg http://www.gowerfishing.co.uk/assets/images/mackerel.jpg http://tunaseiners.com/blog/2009/02/tuna/ http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/animals/images/1024/blacktip-reef-shark-swimming.jpg Tuna http://tunaseiners.com/blog/2009/02/tuna/ http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/animals/images/1024/blacktip-reef-shark-swimming.jpg

Aiea High School students aboard the Honu Kai Plankton Tow http://www.fipec.qc.ca/images/application/filetPlancton.jpg Aiea High School students aboard the Honu Kai

Summary – Phytoplankton Phytoplankton = plant-like plankton Phytoplankton cannot swim against major currents. Plankton their whole life. Produce 50% of all the oxygen we breathe! Adaptations: spines, chains, and hard shells.

Summary – Zooplankton Zooplankton = animal-like plankton. Zooplankton cannot swim against major currents. Exist as either 1. meroplankton (temporary plankton) 2. holoplankton (plankton their whole life). Zooplankton and phytoplankton are the base of the food web!