Basic Animal Breeds. Objectives To be able to explain basic livestock breeds by their characteristics.

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Presentation transcript:

Basic Animal Breeds

Objectives To be able to explain basic livestock breeds by their characteristics

Chicken Breeds White Leghorns White, Lay eggs Plymouth Rock White, Broilers (meet) Common Cross for broilers Plymouth rock X Cornish Rhode Island Red Red, lays brown legs

Breeds of Cattle

2 Species Bos taurus Common to temperate regions. Also know as European breeds. Bos indicus From zebu cattle from India. They have humps on there necks, loose skin, droopy ears

Longhorn Brought to the US from Mexico Very tough and used in rough range conditions

Angus Origin- Scotland One of the most popular breeds in U.S. Resistant to certain eye diseases Smaller birth weight in calves Polled breed

Hereford Origin- England Red in color with white face Imported in 1817 by Henry Clay Good grazer under bad conditions Horned breed

Shorthorn Origin- England Largest of the English Breeds Excellent milking breed Horned or polled

Charolais Origin- France White in color and heavy muscled Horned or polled Used in crossbreeding to increase muscling

Chianina Origin - Italy Gray to white in color Bulls can weigh more than 3,000 lbs. Largest breed in the world Horned or polled

Limousin Origin – France Used in crossbreeding Heavy muscled Most are horned

Brahman Origin – India Heat tolerant and have long life span Insect and disease resistant Horned breed

Polled Hereford Origin - England Red and white color Popular because they have no horns Bred in 1901 in Iowa Polled breed

Dairy Breeds

Holstein : most popular breed in U.S. Holstein : most popular breed in U.S. largest breed largest breed most milk production most milk production lowest butterfat in milk lowest butterfat in milk black & white black & white Jersey : smallest breed, light brown color Jersey : smallest breed, light brown color least milk least milk most butterfat most butterfat fat on meat is yellow (butterfat) fat on meat is yellow (butterfat)

Jersey (Dairy)

Dairy Breeds Guernsey : milk is yellower due to high content of carotene Guernsey : milk is yellower due to high content of carotene Ayrshire : newest breed, looks like Holstein but red & white Ayrshire : newest breed, looks like Holstein but red & white – good foragers Brown Swiss : oldest breed, dual purpose breed (meat & milk) Brown Swiss : oldest breed, dual purpose breed (meat & milk)

Ayrshire (Dairy)

Brown Swiss (Dairy)

Swine Breeds

Duroc Eastern US Origin: Eastern US Light – dark red Very hardy Good meat producers

Hampshire Origin: England Introduced in the US Black with a white strip around the shoulder and front legs

Yorkshire From England in the county of Yorkshire Introduced in the US in 1800 Large white hog Good mothers Used as bacon hogs Faulted for small hams

Berkshire Origin: England : 1823 Introduced in the us: 1823 Black with 6 white points (legs, nose, tail) Lean hogs

Poland China Ohio Counties of Butler and Warren Origin is in the Ohio Counties of Butler and Warren Black with white on the feet, tip of tail, and nose Were known as fat, large hogs Now are bred to be lean and fat

American Landrace Origin: Demark Introduced in the US 1934 White with a long body Big loped forward ears Large litters Good mothering ability

Spotted Breed Origin: Indiana Black and white in color Large framed hog Efficient gains and good muscling