F. Romano * on behalf of the Advanced Examples Working Group * Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy Advanced examples: updates and plan 15 th Geant4 Collaboration Workshop October 2010, ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands

2 Outline  Generalities, members and coordination  Existing and currently maintained examples Report on updates and new developments  Plan and coming examples Review of physics Cexmc application Gamma Knife

3 Receipt used to proceed  WG mission:  Investigate, evaluate and demonstrate the Geant4 capabilities in various experimental domains  Identify requirements for further Geant4 improvements and extension in new domains  Provide connection between developers and users  Users interested in publishing an example can submit his/her request  Code must be checked:  Software point of view  Physics point of view  Documentation must be submitted  Examples are regularly checked and maintained

4 Coordination and web page coordinator: G.A.P. Cirrone (INFN-LNS) deputy: L. Pandola (INFN-LNGS)  23 members  18 examples (+ 2 new examples coming) Actually based on wikispace Almost ready a new page based on Plone ADVANCED EXAMPLES WIKI PAGES

5 Status of examples reported on the web site

6 List of the examples and responsible ExampleResponsible Description air_showerT. Bernardo Detection system for cosmic ray shower simulation ams_EcalM.Maire Simulation of an Electromagnetic calorimeter allowing precise and three dimensional imaging of a lateral and longitudinal shower development brachytherapyS.Guatelli Dosimetry for endocavitary, interstitial and superficial brachytherapy composite_calorimeterA.Dotti A composite electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeter gammaray_telescopeF.Longo A simplified typical gamma-ray telescope (such as GLAST), with advanced description of the detector response hadrontherapyG.A.P.Cirrone Simulation of a transport beam line for proton and ion therapy human_phantomG.A.P.Cirrone Internal dosimetry lAr_CalorimeterA.Dotti Simulation of the Forward Liquid Argon Calorimeter of the ATLAS Detector at LHC medical_linac C.Andenna, B.Caccia G.A.P.Cirrone A typical LINAC accelerator for IMRT, similar to one used in the clinical practice microbeamS.Incerti Simulation of a cellular irradiation microbeam line using a high resolution cellular phantom microdosimetryS.Incerti Simulation of a track structure in liquid water using the Geant4 DNA very low energy processes nanobeamS.Incerti Simulation of a nanobeam line facility purging_magnetJ.Apostolakis Electrons travelling through the magnetic field of a strong purging magnet in a radiotherapy treatment head radioprotectionS.Guatelli, M.G.Pia Dose distributions in interplanetary space radiation environment, for the radioprotection of astronauts in space vehicles and planetary habitat. RichA.Dotti A RICH detector in a set-up similar to the LHCb test beam underground_physicsA.Howard A simplified typical dark matter detector (such as the Boulby Mine experiment) xray_fluerescenceA.Mantero Elemental composition of material samples through X-ray fluorescence spectra xray_telescopeG.Santin A simplified typical X-ray telescope (such as XMM-Newton or Chandra)

7 Recent updates and developments  Three examples have been removed from the 9.3 release because not maintained:  cosmicray_charging  radiation_monitor  Tiara  Removal of obsolete visualization methods  Recent new developments:  Hadrontherapy  Medical linac

8 Updates of Hadrontherapy  Implementation of modular geometries  Use of ROOT environment for data storage  Possibility of storing dose and fluence of secondary particles  Complete simulation of the carbon beam line at LNS-INFN of Catania (for physics and radiobiological experiments)  Test-bench for the development and implementation of LET and RBE calculations Geant4 9.3 patch 1 Standard electromagnetic models (opt3) G4BinaryLigthIon C12 62 AMeV

9 Updates of medical_linac  Comparison with measurements performed on dedicated phantoms composed by different density materials  Reconstruction of different space phases for specific kinds of clinical accelerators on the market  Activity of debug and update  Future implementation of DICOM and simulation of rotating gantry

10 Plan and coming examples Review of the physics implemented in the examples by experts and responsible Make a wider use of physics lists (most examples developed when physics lists were not available) Introduction of a new example for the simulation of setup acceptances in specific experimental setups (Cexmc). Introduction of a new example in the medical physics domain for the simulation of Stereotactic Radiosurgery techinques (Gamma Knife).

11 Cexmc application (Petersburg Nuclear Physics Laboratory group) Charge exchange Monte-Carlo (Cexmc) application The program was used to find the best geometry of a physical setup and calculate acceptances in charge exchange hadronic processes: π ⁻ p → π ⁰ n π ⁻ p → ηn Differential cross-section in a given solid angle deduced from experimental data and the value of acceptance cylindrical liquid hydrogen target 2 calorimeters (6x4 CsI crystals) monitor counter 2 veto detector

12 GammaKnife application (INFN-LNS group, Catania) Stereotactic Radiosurgery with Gamma Knife is used to treat brain disorders which are often inaccessible for conventional surgery  one single high dose session Co sources in a hemispherical arrangement Gamma ray beams converge through a collimator system to a common focal point (isocentre) Leksell Gamma Knife ® C Installed at the “Cannizzaro Hospital” in Catania (since 2005) AIR CAVITY The Treatment Planning System neglects material inhomogeneities for dose calculation in the target Geant4 simulation for the TPS verification in presence of different density materials differences up to 4% in the dose distributions

13 Conclusions 18 examples are included and regularly maintained Some of them continue to be more intensively developed Two new examples will be introduced Particular care to the implementation of the physics