June 6-7, th European EMME/2 Users' Group Conference Madrid Measuring the quality of public transit system Tapani Särkkä/Matrex Oy Mervi Vatanen/Helsinki City Transport

June 6-7, th European EMME/2 Users' Group Conference Madrid Objectives and scope To develop a quality measuring system for Helsinki City Transport The system is based on the exact system description of the Helsinki Area public transit in Emme/2 (all the timetables and stops etc.). It is derived from the digital public transit database (JORE) The system measures the quality of the transit supply experienced by the passenger, as travel time, waiting, walking, transfers etc. A quality index will be calculated for the whole system and for the sub areas and for specific O/D- pairs The measure of the quality should be clear and understandable

June 6-7, th European EMME/2 Users' Group Conference Madrid Quality values and indices Quality values can be absolute or relative –Number of boardings –Travel time –Distance traveled –Traveling speed (distance/travel time) –Ratio of travel times and speeds by car and public transit –By O/D-pairs, by origin, by destination, scalar values, weighted, non-weighted –Distributions Indices measure the change: –From previous year –Caused by system change

June 6-7, th European EMME/2 Users' Group Conference Madrid Inputs and outputs Input Data: Supply 6:30 - 8:00 Supply 7:00 - 8:30 Demand 7:00 - 8:00 Supply 10:00 -13:00 Demand 11: :00 Supply 15:30 -17:00 Supply 16:00 17:30 Demand 16:00 -17:00 Supply 19:00 22:00 Demand 20:00- 21:00 User Inputs: assignment frequency invehicle time weight walking weight waiting time weight Q u al it y m e a s u r e m e n t Outputs: travel time early/late time Walking time Waiting time invehicle time Aux. transit time No. of boardings Travel distance Total transit costs speed Travel time weighted by demand Total transit costs weighted by demand Speed weighted by demand

June 6-7, th European EMME/2 Users' Group Conference Madrid Input and Output data files, programs Output Data Input Data (JORE+HCT 741- network ) Software muunnosohjelm a solmut.exe muunnosohjelm a linkit.exe muunnosohjelm a linjat.exe muunnosohjelm a konnektori.exe ohjelma kavelylinkit.exe JORE:n pysäkkikuvaus (pysakki.dat) JORE:n reittikuvaus (reitti.dat) JORE:n aikataulukuvaus (aikat.dat) HKL:n solmutiedosto (HKLnodes.txt) HKL:n konnektoritiedosto (HKLcon.txt) Emme/2:n solmutiedosto (emmesolmut.dat) JORE:n pysäkkien ja Emme/2:n solmujen vastaavuudet (solmutunnus.dat) Emme/2:n linkkitiedosto (emmelinkit.dat) Emme/2:n linjastotiedosto (linjat.dat) JORE linjojen ja Emme/2 linjojen vastaavuudet (linjatunnus.dat) reitti.dat tiedostosta puuttuvat linkit (lisalinkit.txt) Emme/2:n konnektoritiedosto (connect.txt) Emme/2:n vaihtokävelylinkit (kavelylinkit.dat) HKL:n 741-verkon sentroidit (HKLcen.prn) ohjelma jmkavely.exe HKL:n juna- ja metrosolmut (jmsolmut.dat) Emme/2:n pitemmät vaihtokävelylinkit juna- ja metropysäkeille (jmkavelylinkit.dat)

June 6-7, th European EMME/2 Users' Group Conference Madrid Results GIS Outputs: travel time early/late time Walking time Waiting time invehicle time Aux. transit time No. of boardings Travel distance Total transit costs speed Travel time weighted by demand Total transit costs weighted by demand Speed weighted by demand ENIF Results: Average travel times by origin and destination zones, by time periods, weighted/not weighted by demand Average total travel costs by origin and destination zones, by time periods, weighted/not weighted by demand Average speeds by origin and destination zones, by time periods, weighted/not weighted by demand Aggregated values etc.

June 6-7, th European EMME/2 Users' Group Conference Madrid System values 2001 travel time (min) weighted travel time total transit costs weighted total transit costs speed (km/h) weighted speed (km/h) morning peak hour59,5039,5597,0861,4919,2317,59 daytime hour56,3234,2991,8858,3620,4516,19 afternoon peak hour59,9837,0898,7958,0819,2516,82 evening hour57,2134,9294,9359,4520,7616,66 speed, shortest route (km/h) weighted speed, shortest route (km) morning peak hour15,3214,65 daytime hour16,1813,07 afternoon peak hour15,1914,03 evening hour15,9313,19

June 6-7, th European EMME/2 Users' Group Conference Madrid Total transit costs vs. travel distance 14   15 3  18 1  9 Zone numbering

June 6-7, th European EMME/2 Users' Group Conference Madrid Quality indices Travel time Weighted travel time Total transit costs Weighted transit costs Travel speed Weighted travel speed Morning peak ,6939,5197,2161,3819,6117,94 Morning peak ,5039,5597,0861,4919,2317,59 Absolute change0,800,04-0,130,11-0,37-0,35 Relative change (%) 1,350,11-0,130,18-1,94-1,97

June 6-7, th European EMME/2 Users' Group Conference Madrid.Travel times in Helsinki region (zone average)

June 6-7, th European EMME/2 Users' Group Conference Madrid Average travel speeds by zones

June 6-7, th European EMME/2 Users' Group Conference Madrid Koivusaari metro, quality indices Koivusaari metro Travel timeWeighted travel time Total transit costs Weighted total transit costs Average speed Weighted average speed Morning peak with Koivusaari station 58,5739,0695,5861,2819,4317,60 Morning peak ,5039,5597,0861,4919,2317,59 Change-0,93-0,49-1,50-0,210,200,01 Assumptions: constant demand (morning peak), bus/metro transfers at Koivusaari station (no direct lines to the city center)

June 6-7, th European EMME/2 Users' Group Conference Madrid Koivusaari; relative changes in travel speed (%)

June 6-7, th European EMME/2 Users' Group Conference Madrid Koivusaari; relative changes in total transit costs (%)

June 6-7, th European EMME/2 Users' Group Conference Madrid Conclusions and further work The deterministic assignment is very powerful and suitable tool for the measurement of quality related topics in public transit –1 to 1 correspondence to the real World –the results are valid ENIF is an essential presentation tool –grid based data - grid-GIS – ENIF Dimensions of Emme/2 limit the application –headways vary during the day, many sub lines needed: number of segments! Refined definition of quality of supply –public transit and other modes –from quantitative to qualitative