Article III The Judicial Branch

Section 1: Federal Courts Judicial Power: the power to decide legal cases in a court of law. Judicial Power: the power to decide legal cases in a court of law. Granted to the Supreme Court and lower federal courts established by Congress Granted to the Supreme Court and lower federal courts established by Congress Federal Judge: Holds the office for life Federal Judge: Holds the office for life May be impeached and found guilty of illegal acts May be impeached and found guilty of illegal acts Salary can not be lowered while in office Salary can not be lowered while in office

Section 2: Jurisdiction Clause 1: Types of cases - Constitutional - Federal Laws - Treaties with Indians or foreign powers - Ships and shipping on the seas - Disputes involving the US government - Two or more states are involved - Citizens of different states Clause 1: Types of cases - Constitutional - Federal Laws - Treaties with Indians or foreign powers - Ships and shipping on the seas - Disputes involving the US government - Two or more states are involved - Citizens of different states

Section 2: Jurisdiction Clause 2: Original and Appeals Cases Clause 2: Original and Appeals Cases Supreme Court has “Original Jurisdiction” in cases that involve states and foreign powers. Supreme Court has “Original Jurisdiction” in cases that involve states and foreign powers. All other cases start in lower courts. All other cases start in lower courts. Appeals come before the Supreme Court Appeals come before the Supreme Court

Section 2: Jurisdiction Clause 3: Trial by Jury Clause 3: Trial by Jury Anyone accused has the right Anyone accused has the right State were the crime was committed has jurisdiction State were the crime was committed has jurisdiction Only exception: Impeachment trials Only exception: Impeachment trials

Section 3: Treason Clause 1: Defining the Crime Clause 1: Defining the Crime Treason: Defined as the making of war against the US or aiding its enemies. Treason: Defined as the making of war against the US or aiding its enemies. Need minimum of 2 witnesses to testify witnessing the act. Need minimum of 2 witnesses to testify witnessing the act. A confession of the act. A confession of the act. Talking / Thinking about treason is not a crime Talking / Thinking about treason is not a crime

Section 3: Treason Clause 2: Limits of the Punishment. Clause 2: Limits of the Punishment. Congress decides how to punish. Congress decides how to punish. Only the traitor can be punished. Only the traitor can be punished. Can not punish the traitor’s family Can not punish the traitor’s family