INT 200: Global Capitalism and its Discontents Industrial Capitalism

Industrial Revolution – transition from agrarian, handicraft economy to one dominated by industry and machine manufacturing – technological, socioeconomic, political, and cultural changes wider distribution of wealth, the decline of land as a source of wealth, and increased international trade new state policies corresponding to the needs of an industrialized society growth of cities, the development of working-class movements, and the emergence of new patterns of authority worker acquired new and distinctive skills, and his relation to his task shifted; instead of being a craftsman working with hand tools, he became a machine operator, subject to factory discipline – industrialist > the merchant

Industrial Capitalism The 19 th Century: the 1 st Global Century? – Free-Trade and the resulting trade boom – Technologies: transportation and information – Finance: integration of international capital markets – Mass migration – Economic Growth and Pax Brittanica

Industrial Capitalism Imperialism and Colonialism New Imperialism – Industrialization: Resources and Markets – Nationalism – Cultural Superiority United Stated Senator, Albert J. Beveridge, 1899: “Mr. President... God has not prepared the English- speaking and Teutonic peoples for a thousand years for nothing but vain and idle self-contemplation and self- admiration. No! He has made us the master organizers of the world to establish system where chaos reigns... He has made us adepts in government that we may administer government among savage and senile peoples... He has marked the American people as His chosen nation to finally lead in the regeneration of the world. This is the divine mission of America... The Philippines are ours forever. We will not repudiate our duty in the archipelago. We will not abandon our opportunity in the Orient. We will not renounce our part in the mission of our race, trustee, under God, of the civilization of the world.” Rudyard Kipling Take up the White Man's burden, Send forth the best ye breed Go bind your sons to exile, to serve your captives' need; To wait in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wild— Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half- devil and half-child.

Industrial Capitalism New Imperialism – United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and the United States – Effects +ve: Cultural diffusion, including English +ve: Modernization, including technology -ve: Disease, exploitation, enslavement -ve: Cultural Trauma – Example: British Raj

Industrial Capitalism Consequences of the Industrial Revolution on Global Capitalism – The Great Divergence – Military superiority that permitted Imperialism – Economic integration – New industrial and agricultural technologies – World capital market – Mass migration