 Write down what you know about the blood.  Write down what you know is NOT true about the blood.

 Blood minus its cells  Composition › Water containing many dissolved substances (foods, salts, hormones)  Amount of blood = 4-6 L (7%-9% of body weight)  Slightly alkaline

Blood sample spun down using centrifuge

 RBCs (erythrocytes)  WBCs (leukocytes)  Platelets (Thrombocytes)  Formed in bone marrow from myeloid tissue

Artery showing size relation of formed elements in the blood (red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets

Cell maturation chart

Electron scanning microscope images of formed elements in blood in relation to each other

 Red blood cells (RBCs)  million per mm 3 of blood  Disc shaped  Structure: › Without nuclei  Function: › Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

Image showing red blood cells in relation to other cells

 White blood cells (WBCs)  5,000-10,000 per mm 3 of blood  Structure: › Granular: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils › Non-granular: lymphocytes and monocytes  Function: › defense

Microscope, stained image of red blood cells and white blood cells. This is a normal blood sample.

This is a after colored image from an electron scanning microscope showing the white blood cell in relation to the red blood cell

 Also called platelets  300,000 per mm 3 of blood  Play an essential role in blood clotting

Stained, microscopic image of a blood sample showing platelets and red blood cells

Electron scanning microscope showing a red blood cells surrounded by platelets

 ABO system › Type A – type A antigens in RBCs; anti-B type antibodies in blood › Type B – type B antigens in RBCs; anti-A type antibodies in blood › Type AB – type A and type B antigens in RBCs; no anti-A and no anti-B antibodies in blood › Type O – no type A and no type B antigens in RBCs; anti-A and anti-B antibodies in blood

Chart showing characteristics in blood, plasma and what the coordinating blood type would be

Chart showing the percentages of blood type availability

 Rh-positive blood – Rh factor antigen present in RBCs  Rh-negative blood – no Rh factor antigen present in RBCs; no anti-Rh antibodies present unless exposed

Rh factor showing blood surface antigens and antibodies

 Myel/o – bone marrow  Plasm/o – plasma  Splen/o – spleen  Thromb/o - clot

 Anemia – reduction in the amount of hemaglobin in the red blood cells  Embolus – blood clot or foreign material  Hemophilia – inherited blood disease most commonly caused by a deficiency of coagulation factor VIII  Leukemia – malignant disease characterized by excessive increase in abnormal white blood cells formed in bone marrow

 Bone marrow aspiration – a syringe used to aspirate bone marrow from ilium  Bone marrow biopsy – a needle puncture to obtain bone marrow sample  Bone marrow transplant – infusion of normal bone marrow cells from a donor for patient with leukemia

 Coagulation time – blood test to determine time it takes for blood to form a clot  Complete blood count – basic blood screening  Differential count – explains the number of different kinds of cells  Hematocrit – blood test to measure volume and number of red blood cells

 Hemoglobin – blood test to determine the concentration of oxygen carrying components (hemoglobin) in red blood cells  Prothrombin time – used to determine certain coagulation activity defects and to monitor anticoagulation therapy

 Hyperlipidemia – excessive amounts of fats in the blood  Anticoagulant – agent that shows the clotting process  Hemorrhage – rapid loss of blood

 Disease/disorders › Hematoma › Multiple myeloma › Pancytopenia › Thrombosis › Thrombus › splenomegaly  Complementary terms › Hematologist › Hematology › Hematopoiesis › Hemolysis › Hemostasis › Myelopoiesis › Plasmapherisis › Thrombolysis