1 This is English 3 齐齐哈尔广播电视大学 主讲教师：钱东瑶 Unit 5 Ambitions and Dreams

2 Objectives In this unit you  study language relating to personality and jobs;  learn how to use the past perfect tense;  learn to talk about jobs and careers;  practise talking about the future in the context of hopes and plans.

3 Session 1 (P. 78) In this session you  learn how to use the past perfect tense;  study language relating to personality and jobs.

4 Language Focus (1) (P. 81) 过去完成时 1. 构成：  肯定句 (had + 动词过去分词 ) ： By the end of last month we had/ we'd studied four units.  否定句 (hadn’t + 动词过去分词 ) ： Before 1988, I had not/ hadn't heard of him.  一般疑问句： Had you left when he arrived? Yes, I had./ No, I hadn't.  特殊疑问句： Why had she done a lot of training before she sailed?

5 Language Focus (1) (P. 81) 2. 用法：描述在过去某一时间以前完成的动作或 事件。如： One of the men couldn't move because he had broken his leg. ( 过去的过去 ) （过去） （现在） Man broke leg. Man could not move. Now I am reporting it.  注意： 1. 并不是过去完成的动作就用过去完成 时。它是一个相对的时态，强调在过去某一时 间点或动作之前发生的动作。如只说明过去完 成了某动作，应用一般过去时，如说明对现在 而言，已经完成的动作，用现在完成时. 比较 :

6 Language Focus (1) (P. 81) He has seen the film. ( 对现在而言 ) He had seen the film before he came here. ( 对过去的动作 came 而言 ) He saw the film in ( 过去某一确定的时间 发生的动作 )  3. 过去某一时间点可以用 by, by the end of, before, 等时间短语表示, 如： They had made 10,000 TV sets by the end of last month.  也可以用主句或从句中的另一个动词过去时表 示。如果主句和从句的动作都发生在过去，先 发生的用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过去时。

7 Language Focus (1) (P. 81) Before he visited Polly, he had called her. (call 在 visit 之前 ) After she had trained hard, she left on the trip. (train 在 leave 之前 ) She did a lot of training because she had never sailed. (never sail 在 do training 之前 ) I thanked Mr.Smith who had given me so much help. (give 在 thank 之前 ) The boy said that he had never done such a bad thing. (never do 在 say 之前 )

8 Exercise (P. 78 Activity 1)  Complete sentences using the words given. yacht 游艇, 快艇 ballet dancer 芭蕾舞演员 journey 旅行 harbour 港口 waves 波涛 helicopter 直升机 to take part in 参加 charity 慈善机构 1. She was interested in dance as a child and so she trained as a ______________. 2. Later she made a very long _________ around the world. 3. She decided _______________ a race from England to Australia and back again. ballet dancer journey to take part in

9 Exercise (P. 78 Activity 1) 4. She sailed around the world in a _______. 5. They gave the money they raised to a ________ to help poor people. 6. It was a very dangerous trip. They often had very bad weather and the ______ were very big. 7. A ___________ took some injured people from the yacht to hospital in Australia. 8. After all the storms they were happy to be safe back in the ________. yacht charity waves helicopter harbour

10 Text (P. 79 Activity 2) Useful words and phrases:  1. raise money for (charity) 为 ( 慈善机构 ) 筹款 He decided to travel around China to raise money for victims of the disaster.  2. train vi. 接受训练 vt. 训练 n. 火车 They are training hard for the games. We have been technically trained. When does the last train leave?  3. too…for… 太... 不合 These apples are too sour( 酸 ) for eating.

11 Text (P. 79 Activity 2)  4. take part in 参加 Please take an active part in the class activities.  5. ten-month journey 十个月的航程 a 200-page book; a ten-minute walk; a twelve-year-old girl; a five-year plan  6. prepare sb for sth 使 ( 某人 ) 为 ( 某事 ) 作好准 备 This course prepares students for their English exams.  7. the same as “ 跟 … 一样 ” Your shoes are the same number as mine. He is the same as he was.

12 Complete the sentences based on the text. (P. 80)  1. She joined a pop dance team when she was ___.  2. She got married and had children, so she _______________________.  3. Her children left home when they were ___.  4. The people she met told her about ______________________.  5. She did a lot of ______ before she left on the trip.  6. One of the men broke his ____ during the trip.  7. They raised ______ for charity.  8. The qualities she needed for the trip were the _______ for a dance. 15 retired from show business 18 a round - the - world race training leg money same as

13 Exercise (P. 82 Activity 3 - 4)  1. A. - (1), B. - (2) Why did she retire from show business? Because she had started a family.  2. A. - (2), B. - (1) Why did she decide to do the race? Because she had met some people who talked about the race.  3. A. - (1), B. - (2) Why did her husband think she was bored? Because her children had left home.

14 Exercise (P. 82 Activity 3 - 4)  4. A. - (2), B. - (1) Why was her husband worried? Because she hadn ’ t had any experience of sailing.  5. A. - (1), B. - (2) Why did a sailor break his leg? Because a wave had smashed into the boat.  6. A. - (2), B - (1) Why did she go downstairs? Because a storm had started.

15 Exercise (P. 82 Activity 5) Part A  1. What did Molly do after she _______ (to have) children?  2. What ____________ (to happen) before Molly joined a pop dance team?  3. Was Molly bored after the children ________ (to leave) home?  4. _____________ (Molly to do) a lot of training before she left on the trip?  5. Where _____________ (Molly to go) before the wave smashed into the boat?  6. How much money ______________ (Molly to raise) by the end of October last year? had had happened had left Had Molly done had Molly gone had Molly raised

16 Exercise (P. 82 Activity 5) Part B  1. After she  2. Before Molly joined  3. No. She  4. Yes. Before  5. Before the wave  6. By the had had children, she retired from show business. a pop dance team, she had grown too tall for classical ballet. wasn’t bored after the children had left home. she left on the trip, she had a lot of training. smashed into the boat, she had gone downstairs. the end of October last year, she had raised £ 1,500.

17 Language Focus (2) (P. 83)  travel, journey, trip, voyage 作为名词的用法  travel ( 也可作动词 ) ：泛指 “ 旅行 ” ，不可数名词。 Travel by train is slow and difficult in some countries. Travel broadens the mind. 旅行可以开阔眼界。  journey ： “ 旅行 ” 、 “ 旅程 ” ， 可数名词。 I made three journeys by plane last year. Molly wanted to do the whole ten-month journey.

18 Language Focus (2) (P. 83)  voyage: “( 长途乘船的 ) 旅行 ” ，可数名词。 Molly had had a lot of training before she left on the voyage.  trip: “( 较短且有具体目的的 ) 旅行 ” ，可数 名词。 Molly met four people who had all joined a yacht ( 快艇 ) for just one section of the trip.

19 Exercise (P. 84 Activity 6) Complete the following sentences using travel, voyage, journey and trip.  1. How long is your ________ to work?  2. Do you _______ by train?  3. The Titanic sank on its first _______.  4. I have a business _____ to Frankfurt next week.  5. I must leave. I have a long ______ home.  6. They have enjoyed _________________ very much since they retired. journey travel voyage trip journey travel / travelling

20 Exercise (P. 84 Activity 7) Part A Some factors involved in getting a job. 1. age 年龄 2. gender 性别 3. appearance 外貌 4. family background 家庭背景 5. contacts and connections 社会关系 6. educational qualifications 学历 7. experience 经历 8. intelligence 智力 9. personality 性格 10. references 证明资料

21 Exercise (P. 84 Activity 7) Part B Read and learn the following jobs.  a. doctor 医生  b. teacher of young children 幼儿教师  c. university lecturer 大学讲师  d. company director 公司董事  e. police officer 警官  f. soldier 士兵  g. lawyer 律师  h. banker 银行家  I. advertising executive 广告主管

22 Exercise (P. 86 Activity 9) Part A Some qualities needed for jobs. Intelligence Personality Working Practices a good team worker ( 优秀团队工作者 ) an excellent memory ( 记忆力特别好 ) a good team leader ( 优秀团队领导 ) easy-going ( 随和的 ) Intelligent( 有智力的 ) hard-working ( 勤奋的 ) a sharp mind ( 思想敏锐 ) a good eye for detail ( 细致缜密 ) dynamic ( 有活力 ) a motivator ( 激励者 ) a good organizer ( 优秀组织者 ) charming ( 有魅力 ) bright ( 聪明的 ) calm ( 冷静的 ) moody ( 喜怒无常的 ) positive ( 积极的 ) patient ( 耐心的 )

23 Exercise (P. 86 Activity 9) Part B To be + to be + to have + adjective noun phrase noun phrase  patient a good team an excellent  calm worker memory  charming a good team a sharp mind  moody leader a good eye for  dynamic a good organizer detail  hard-working a motivator  bright  intelligent  positive  easy-going He is patient. He is a good team worker. He has an excellent memory.

24 Session 2 (P. 87) In this session you  learn to talk about jobs and careers;  learn how to talk about your ambitions, hopes and plans.

25 Exercise (P. 88 Activity 12)  Part A Read the quiz and answer the questions Yes or No.  Part B Give yourself a score by listing the number of As and Bs you get. Note whether you have more As or more Bs in each section. And then read the advice in Activity 13.

26 Exercise (P. 88 Activity 12) Part A Useful expressions: 1. be interested in meeting new people 喜 欢结交新人 2. get frustrated with 因... 感到受挫折 3. be ambitious 有抱负 4. be patient 耐心 5. be happy to do things 乐意做事情 6. want to be the first 争第一 7. have got a good eye for detail 工作细致 8. question what other people say 对别人说 的话提出疑问 9. say what you really think 说出你的真实想法

27 Exercise (P. 88 Activity 12) Part A 10. finish tasks on time 按时完成任务 11. design clothes 设计服装 12. prefer A to B 喜欢 A 甚于喜欢 B 13. like working on your own 喜欢独立工作 14. like taking responsibility 喜欢承担责任 15. do the job you want to do 从事你想要做 的工作 16. getting up early 早做安排准备 starting work later 迟些开始工作 17. a big salary 优厚的工资待遇, job satisfaction 工作满足感 18. act on your own knowledge 凭自己的知 识经验办事

28 Text (P. 89 Activity 13) Part A Useful words and phrases:  1. such as 例如 … Bob is interested in different kinds of sports such as football, swimming or running.  2. involve 涉及, 包括 This is a task which involves much difficulty.  3. market n. 市场 marketing n. 销售 The new products have already been put on the market ( 投放市场 ). He works in the marketing department.

29 Text (P. 89 Activity 13) Part A  4. detail 细节 The policeman wanted the bus driver to tell him the accident in detail.  5. in other people’s eyes 在别人的眼里 You are really lovely in other people’s eyes.  6. be aware of 知道, 意识到 Aren’t you aware of your mistakes?  7. sure 确信的 I’m sure of my success. Are you sure that he is going to marry you?

30 Text (P. 89 Activity 13) Part B Write something about yourself after you have done the quiz.  According to the questionnaire I should be a ________________________________, because I ___________________________.  Charles: According to the questionnaire I should be a manager in a creative company, for example, arts or advertising, because I enjoy jobs that involve control, business or management.

31 Exercise (P. 91 Activity 14) Part A Make sentences.  1. I (don ’ t) like meeting new people/ working on my own/ working in teams.  2. I am hard-working/ intelligent/ dynamic.  3. I (don ’ t) have a lot of experience in working on my own/ working in teams.  4. I ’ m (not) good at working to deadlines.  5. I prefer working in teams to working on my own/ getting up early to starting work later.  6. I ’ m (not) interested in taking responsibility/ meeting new people.  7. I ’ ve got a good memory/ a sharp mind.

32 Writing (P. 91 Activity 14) Part B  Do a self-portrait using the information in the table and each of the 7 sentence stems.  I am a good organizer. I don ’ t like working on my own. I ’ m intelligent, hard-working and dynamic. I prefer working in teams to working on my own. I have a lot of experience in working in teams, and I ’ m good at working to deadlines. I ’ m interested in taking responsibility, and I ’ ve got a sharp mind and a good eye for detail, but I haven ’ t got a good memory.

33 Reading and Writing (P. 92 Activity 15) Part A  1. make an appointment 预约 I’d like to make an appointment to see Dr Bond this morning.  2. as … as possible 尽可能地 … You should speak English as much as possible. I’m looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.  3. on one’s own 独立地 I’ve finished my homework on my own. She designed the dress on her own.

34 Reading and Writing (P. 92 Activity 15) Part B Dear Mr Blake, I am writing to you to give you some information about Billy Byers. He would like to make an appointment to see you as soon as possible. He wants to be an accountant and I believe this is a good career for him because he likes working to deadlines and working alone. He has a good eye for detail and an excellent memory. He prefers taking responsibility. He is patient and dynamic. I look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely, Mary Brown

35 Language Focus (3) (P. 96) 谈论将来  下列句式都可以用来谈论将来 :  当说话者谈论的是意图或固定的计划时, 可以使 用下列句式 : I’m going to get married next year. I plan/ I’m planning to buy a new house this year. I’m looking forward to meeting my girlfriend this summer.

36 Language Focus (3) (P. 96)  当说话者谈论的是愿望和理想时可以使用下列 句式 : I’d like to visit your university again soon. I want to go abroad to do a master’s course. I hope to go to university next year.  当谈话者谈论的计划实现的可能性不大时, 可以 使用下列句式 : I might apply for this job; I don’t know yet. 我可能申请这个工作, 但目前还不能肯定.

37 Exercise (P. 93 Activity 16)  1. He’s planning to run  2. We intend to earn  3. I’m going to go to  4. He’ll do well in  5. I’m learning  6. I don’t want to move  7. He’d like to change  8. He wants to get  9. I’m sure he could write  10. He doesn’t want to stop  11. They are going to study  12. I hope I ’ ll do well at  a foreign language.  a novel.  the exams.  a good job.  jobs.  a marathon.  work.  abroad.  university.  a lot of money.  university.  house. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)

38 Exercise (P. 95 Activity 20)  1. He’d like to/ he’s going to buy a new car, but it’s too expensive.  2. She’s very ambitious. She might/ She wants to get a good job.  3. She has made up her mind about the job. She isn’t going to/ she wouldn’t like to change it.  4. He’s got a new job in Paris, so he’d like to/ he’s going to work abroad.  5. I’m studying very hard because I’m looking forward to passing/ I want to pass the exams.  6. She’s bought the tickets because she hopes to/ she’s going to go to Australia. ( 愿望, 理想 ) ( 意图 ) ( 意图, 计划 ) ( 愿望 ) ( 意图, 计划 )

39 Exercise (P. 95 Activity 20)  7. I might/ I’m going to study psychology at university, but there aren’t many places for that subject.  8. I’m studying medicine at university because I might/ I’m going to be a doctor.  9. I’m studying earth sciences because I’m planning to be/ I’m looking forward to being a geologist.  10. I am putting money in a special account at the bank because I’d like to/ I’m planning to pay my fees at university myself. ( 可能性 ) ( 意图, 计划 ) ( 计划 ) ( 意图, 计划 )

40 Listening (1) (P. 85 Activity 8) Part A Job Name of speaker  a. doctor  b. teacher of young children  c. university lecturer  d. company director  e. police officer  f. soldier  g. lawyer  h. banker  I. advertising executive A (Angela) B (Bernard) C (Clive)

41 Listening (1) (P. 85 Activity 8) Part B FACTORS Angela Bernard Clive  1. age gender appearance family background contacts and connections educational qualifications experience intelligence personality references √ (×) × × √ √ √ х √ √ √ √ Χ

42 Listening and Speaking (2) (P. 86 Activity 10)  1. What’s John like? (sharp mind/not a good team worker) He has a sharp mind, but he isn’t a good team worker.  2. What’s Karen like? (hard-working/mood) She’s hard-working, but she’s moody.  3. What’s Milly like? (easy-going/ not a good eye for detail) She’s easy-going, but she doesn’t have a good eye for detail.  4. What’s Pete like? (excellent memory/ not dynamic) He has an excellent memory, but he isn’t dynamic.  5. What’s Jack like? (bright/ not calm) He’s bright, but he isn’t calm.

43 Listening (3) (P. 87 Activity 11) Read and learn the list of jobs given below. accountant 会计 advertising executive 广告主管 banker 银行家 civil servant 公务员 counsellor 顾问 designer 设计师 doctor 医生 lawyer 律师 lecturer 大学讲师 librarian 图书管理员 manager 经理 police officer 警官 educational psychologist 教育心理学家 researcher 研究人员 social worker 社会福利工作 者 soldier 士兵 teacher 教师 translator 翻译 window dresser 橱窗布置人员

44 Listening (4) (P. 94 Activity 17) Listen and tick the things which she talks about.  1. to get a good job  2. to study abroad  3. to change job  4. to earn a lot of money  5. to move house  6. to go to university  7. to learn a foreign language  8. to run a marathon  9. to write a novel  10. to stop work  11. to do well in my exams  12. to buy a big house √ √ √ √ √ √

45 Listening and Speaking (5) (P. 94 Activity 18)  1. How old is Helen? She is 17.  2. What language is she studying? She is studying German.  3. What does she want to study at university? She wants to study earth sciences.  4. Where does she want to study abroad? She wants to study in North America.  5. What is she looking forward to at university? She is looking forward to meeting new people.  6. What does she want to buy if she earns a lot of money?... a fast car and a big house.

46 Listening (6) (P. 95 Activity 19) Listen and note down Ian’s answers to the questions below.  1. Which university are you going to go to? I’m going to go to Aberystwith, the University of Wales.  2. What are you going to study? I’m going to study artificial intelligence.  3. Where else would you like to study? I’m going to study in North America.  4. Why would you like to study in North America? Because I like America and they’re very good on programming there.  5. What sort of band would you like to be with? I would like to be in a rock band.  6. Have you got any other ambitions? I would like to go to the North Pole.

47 Listening and Speaking (7) (P. 96 Activity 21)  1. Could you tell me what your strengths are? I am good at working in teams and I am intelligent and patient.  2. I’d like to know what your weaknesses are? I am not good at working to deadlines and don’t have a good memory.  3. What educational qualifications do you have? I have a degree in English.  4. How would a colleague describe you? I am bright and hardworking and I like meeting new people.

48 The end