Unit Five Criminal and Juvenile Justice

Unit Five Crimes are made up of certain elements –The conditions that make up a crime ie Robbery –Taking of goods or money –Use of force –Lack of consent from the victim So… if someone picks your pocket, they cannot be convicted of robbery

Unit Five Almost all crimes require –An act The deed the criminal does –Intent The person intended (meant) to commit the crime –Liability offenses do not require intent The act is a crime regardless if the offender intends to do it

Unit Five Parties to a crime –People involved –Principal Person who commits the act –Accomplice Someone who helps the principal commit the crime –And is present at the scene –Accessory before the fact Person that orders or helps plan the crime –Not at the scene –Accessory after the fact Helps the criminal escape capture or elude police Must have knowledge of the crime

Unit Five There are 5 main types of crime –Crimes of Omission Failure to act when legally obligated to do so –Not paying taxes –Selective Service

Unit Five –Preliminary Crimes Crime that happens before a crime can take place –The crime is trying to commit another crime »Solicitation »Ask, command, urge, hire another to commit a crime

Unit Four Types of crime »Attempt »Two things in order to be attempt »Must intend for the crime to take place »Must take a major step towards completion

Unit Four Types of crime »Conspiracy »An agreement between two or more people to commit a crime »Usually requires an overt act

Unit FFive Types of crime Crimes against the person –Homicide Killing of another human Two types of homicide –Noncriminal »A killing that is justified or excusable »War »Police »Executioner »Self Defense –Criminal

Unit Four Types of crime Criminal Homicide –Any killing that is not justified or excusable 3 Classes –Murder »1 st Degree »Deliberate »Malice »Premeditated How should I kill them… shooting, poison…?

Unit Five –2 nd Degree »Deliberate »Malice »Not premeditated »“heat of the moment”

Unit Five –Felony »Killing takes place during another crime »Treated the same as 1 st degree

Unit Five Types of crime Manslaughter –Voluntary »Intentional killing »Mitigating circumstances »Things that lessen, but don’t justify the crime –Involuntary »Unintentional killing »Reckless conduct causes extreme danger of death »Playing with a loaded gun

Unit Five Types of crime –Negligent Homicide Death caused by a failure to exercise a reasonable amount of care –Car accidents

Unit Five –Assault Attempt or threat to carry out physical violence –Battery Unlawful, unconsented to physical contact by one person on another

Unit Five –Aggravated Assault and Battery “Felony Assault” 3 ways to commit –Intent to rape, rob, murder, or commit serious bodily harm –Use of a deadly weapon –Against a police officer, prison guard, or any person in a position of authority

Unit Five –Sexual Assault (Rape) 2 Types of sexual assault –Forcible »Unlawful sex with an unconsenting person –Statutory Rape »Sex with a person that has not yet reached the age of consent »Does not matter if there is consent or not

Unit Five Crimes against property –Arson Burning willfully and maliciously –Vandalism Willful destruction of another’s property –Larceny Taking of another’s property with intent to steal –Embezzlement Taking of property by someone to whom it was entrusted

Unit Five –Robbery Theft using force or intimidation –Extortion Use of threats to obtain property of another –Burglary Unauthorized entry into any dwelling with intent to commit a felony

Unit Four –Forgery Altering a document with intent to defraud –Uttering Passing off as genuine a document known to be fake –Receiving stolen property Buying or getting property that you have reason to believe is stolen –Deal is a little too good to be true

Unit Five –Unauthorized use of a motor vehicle Taking, using, or operating of a vehicle without consent of the owner –Joyriding Where is my Car??

Unit Four Controversial crimes –Considered to be crimes against society –Involve personal conduct –Sometimes referred to as “victimless crimes” All parties are willing participants –Who is the victim?

Unit Four –Drug Offenses Possession Sale Distribution –Broken into 5 classes –Punishment depends upon amount and class

Unit Four –Sex Offenses Offenses against public morality –Bigamy »Having more than one spouse at a time –Adultery »Sex with someone other than your spouse –Prostitution »Performance of sexual acts for money or favors

Unit Two –Suicide Killing of one’s self –Not punished as a crime anymore –Attempted suicide can be –Euthanasia Assisted suicide –Helping someone else take their own life