American Federalism

Constitutional Structure of American Federalism Constitutional Framework

Key Terms Delegated or Expressed Powers Implied Powers Necessary and Proper Clause Inherent Powers Reserved Powers Concurrent Powers

National Government Supreme Supremacy Clause Commerce Clause War Power Clause Power to tax and spend

National Government Supreme Supremacy Clause Commerce Clause War Power Clause Power to tax and spend Article VI of the Constitution This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof; and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the judges in every state shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding.

National Government Supreme Supremacy Clause Commerce Clause War Power Clause Power to tax and spend Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 The Congress shall have power to …. To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes; Gibbons v. Ogden, 1824 upheld national supremacy “commerce” = “intercourse between the states”

National Government Supreme Supremacy Clause Commerce Clause War Power Clause Power to tax and spend Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 The Congress shall have power to …. To declare war… To raise and support armies … To provide and maintain a navy; To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces; To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions; To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the militia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the states respectively, the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress; “The power to wage war is the power to wage war successfully.” -Charles Evans Hugh, 1930

National Government Supreme Supremacy Clause Commerce Clause War Power Clause Power to tax and spend Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States;