1. Chapter 11 Section 2 Objective: To understand the concepts of the expressed powers.

2. A. The Power to Tax 1. Article I, Section 8, Clause I of the Constitution gives congress the power to tax in order to meet public needs, protect domestic industry (name?), or protect health and safety (name?). 2. There are four explicit limitations on the power to tax A- Public purpose only…not private B- No taxation of exports

3. C- Direct taxes must be divided among the states according to their populations D- All indirect taxes must be levied at the same rate in all parts of the country..why? Example?

4. B. The Power to Borrow 1. Congress may borrow to finance its business…that is why we have a six trillion dollar debt. The Federal government spends more than it collects in most years.

5. C. The Commerce Power 1. Congress may regulate interstate and foreign trade. 2. In, Gibbons v. Ogden,1824, the Supreme Court ruled that the power to regulate commerce included all commercial intercourse between states and nations…..transporting people counted!!!

6. 3. The commerce power implies many other powers…such as? 4. The commerce power is broad but limited.

7. D. The Currency Power 1. Congress has the power to issue money and regulate its value. 2. In 1871, the Supreme Court held that paper money was legal tender.

8. E. Bankruptcy 1. Congress has the power to establish uniform bankruptcy laws. 2. The power to regulate bankruptcy is concurrent…meaning?

9. F. Foreign Relations and War Powers 1. Foreign relations powers – Congress has the power to deal with foreign states and shares these powers with the President. 2. War Powers- Congress may declare war, raise and support armies and a navy, make rules governing the land and naval forces, call for militias, and grant letters of marque and reprisal.

10. G. Additional Powers 1. Naturalization – Congress has the power to make citizens of another country citizens of the US. 2. The Postal Power – Congress has the expressed power to establish post offices and post roads. 3. Copyright and patents – Congress grants rights over publication (life + 50 years) and invention (17 years).

11. 4. Weights and Measurements – Congress has the power to fix the standards of weights and measurement. 5. Congress has the power to acquire, manage, and dispose of federal lands. 6. Judicial powers- Congress has the authority to create Federal courts below the Supreme Court.