A presentation by Group B SPEEDS OF CARS A presentation by Group B

Old Technology The first ever car was built in the 1769 by Nicolas Cugnot. (fardier à vapeur) Few other cars were built after this. A vintage car is a car built between the start of 1919 and the end of 1930; and this period was known as the 'Vintage era'.

New Technology The new technology differs immensely from the old technology. Cars have been developed in many ways: Energy sources Materials Efficiency Techniques

The cars we researched on 1. Fardier à Vapeur: In 1769, Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot designed and constructed the first working self-propelled vehicle for human travel. Perhaps best described as a power tricycle about the size of a small present-day bus, it had one wheel at the front under the boiler and two-cylinder steam engine, and two wheels at the back under the freight area. Top speed: 3.6 kmph (approx.) Nicolas Cugnot

The cars we researched on 2. Benz (1899): By the end of the 19th century Benz & Co. had become the world’s leading automotive manufacturer. In 1899 the business was converted into a joint-stock company. Between 1890 and 1899 the number of employees engaged in vehicle production increased from 50 to 430. In 1899 Benz produced a total of 572 vehicles. Top speed: 22.5 kmph Carl Benz

The cars we researched on 3. Rolls Royce Silver Ghost (1913) : Under the long and graceful bonnet of the Silver Ghost lurked a 454 cubic-inch L-head, six-cylinder, side valve engine. It had an aluminum alloy crankcase and a timing drive, and an ignition that was driven by gears. This engineering marvel ran without a puff of smoke and in complete silence. This accomplishment did much to boost the vehicles appeal. In a time when operation of a motorcar was noisy, smoky, and dirty, the Rolls-Royce reigned supreme. Top speed: 70 kmph

The cars we researched on 4. Ford Model A (1928): The Ford Model A was introduced in late 1927 and served as a replacement for the highly successful Model T. The Model A was more complex, yet far easier and simpler to operated than the car it was replacing. It was powered by a new inline four-cylinder engine that developed twice the horsepower.. Other features included four-wheel, cable operated mechanical brakes, welded steel wire wheels and Houdaille-type double-acting shock absorbers. Top speed: 45 kmph Henry Ford

The cars we researched on 5. Volkswagen Beetle (1947): The future seemed bleak for the 1945-1947 Volkswagen Beetle. As it crawled out from the rubble of World War II, the Beetle seemed headed for an early death, not lasting greatness. Indeed, the car was defined more by its vices than virtues. Volkswagen Beetles that crawled forth from the Wolfsburg factory in 1946 were decidedly spartan conveyances: outmoded cable brakes and non-synchronized transmission, a measly 25 horsepower, waywardness in gusty crosswinds, little luggage space, a crude heater, not even a fuel gauge. Top speed: 60 kmph

The cars we researched on 6. Cadillac Eldorado (1959): For the 1959 model year Cadillac produced a total of 142,272 cars. 1959 therefore was Cadillac’s third-best year in the 50‘s. The 1959 Eldorado incorporated totally new styling: large tailfins, twin bullet taillamps, two distinctive rooflines and roof pillar configurations, new jewel-like grille patterns and matching deck latch lid beauty panels personified these cars. Top speed: 185 kmph

The cars we researched on 7. Audi R8 (2012-2013): The design of the Audi R8 Coupé makes a clear statement. Muscular, clearly structured side lines emphasise its origin – in motor racing. Its exciting stylistic line with the characteristic sideblades, simple, logical: the Multi Media Interface (MMI) elegantly combines the operation of all infotainment components in one display and operating system. Sideblades makes a promise – powerful, irresistible dynamics , which the car honours convincingly. Top speed: 300 kmph

The cars we researched on 8. Lamborghini spyder (2012-2013): The beating heart of the Spyder continues to be a 5.2-liter 10-cylinder that pumps out a fiery 552 horsepower at 8,000 rpm and 398 ft-lbs of torque at 6,500 rpm. Aiding in the Gallardo's acceleration is an all-wheel-drive system that provides optimal traction and also helps make handling more neutral. Lamborghini gave the Spyder a facelift for the most recent model year, updating the front end with a more aggressive look that incorporates trapezoidal and triangular air intakes. Top speed: 324 kmph

Comparing the speeds Cars Speed (kmph) Fardier a Vapeur 3.6 Benz 22.5 Silver Ghost 70 Model A 45 Beetle 60 Eldorado 185 Audi R8 300 Spyder 324

Comparing the costs Cars Cost (USD) Benz 1050 Silver Ghost 1400 Model A 5000 Beetle 1995 Eldorado 13075

Bibliography www.google.co.in www.auto.howstuffworks.com www.en.wikipedia.org www.conceptcars.com www.leftlanenews.com www.topspeed.com www.supercars.net coinmill.com www.nndb.com

Acknowledgement Our heartfelt thank you to Mr. Richard Davies and Ms. Kamalika Bose, our coordinators, for their constant support and guidance in the completion of this project. Made by: Shreya Punhani Group Members: Skyi Baxter (Leader) Varnika Agarwal (Researcher) Hannah Osew (Communication Director)