Types of Chemical Reactions Aim CE2: What are the five general types of chemical reactions?

Types of Chemical Reactions There are many different types of chemical reactions, but most are base on one of the five that follow Combustion Reactions o A hydrocarbon (a compound with H and C) reacts with oxygen to produce CO 2 and H 2 O o General equation: C x H y + O 2  CO 2 + H 2 O o Examples CH O 2  CO 2 + 2H 2 O C 3 H O 2  3CO 2 + 4H 2 O

Synthesis o the formation of a new compound o General equation: A + B  AB o Examples 2 Na + Cl 2  2 NaCl two sodiums combine with two chlorines to make 2 sodium chlorides 2 H 2 + O 2  2 H 2 O two hydrogen diatomic molecules combine with two diatomic oxygen molecules to form two water molecules

Decomposition o the breakdown of one compound into several smaller compounds or elements o General equation: AB  A + B o Examples 2 NaCl  2 Na + Cl 2 two sodium chlorides breakdown into sodium and chlorine elements 2 H 2 O 2  O H 2 O two hydrogen peroxides break down into one oxygen molecule and two water molecules

Single replacement reaction o One element switches places with an element in an existing compound o General equation: AB + C  AC + B o Examples Mg + CuCl 2  MgCl 2 + Cu Magnesium switches positions with copper 3 Mg + Al 2 O 3  3 MgO + 2 Al Aluminum switches positions with magnesium

Double replacement reaction o Two elements switch partners with each other in two different compounds o General equation: AB + CD  AD + CB o Examples AlCl 3 + LiBr  LiCl + AlBr 3 Aluminum and lithium switch partners CuSO 4 + PbI 2  CuI 2 + PbSO 4 copper and lead switch partners