1. IIIIIIIVV Chemical Reactions Types of Chemical Reactions

2. A. Combination or Synthesis n the combination of 2 or more substances to form a compound n only one product A + B  AB

3. A. Synthesis H 2 (g) + Cl 2 (g)  2 HCl(g)

4. Al(s)+ Cl 2 (g)  AlCl 3 (s) 2 3 2 A. Combination or Synthesis n Products:  ionic - cancel charges  covalent - hard to tell

5. B. Combustion CH 4 (g) + 2O 2 (g)  CO 2 (g) + 2H 2 O(g) n the burning of any substance in O 2 to produce heat A + O 2  B EX: Burning of natural gas, wood and gasoline

6. Na(s)+ O 2 (g)  C 3 H 8 (g)+ O 2 (g)  5 3 4 B. Combustion n Products:  contain oxygen  hydrocarbons form CO 2 + H 2 O CO 2 (g)+ H 2 O(g) Na 2 O(s) 4 2 ***Combustion reactions are a type of synthesis reaction

7. C. Decomposition n a compound breaks down into 2 or more simpler substances n only one reactant AB  A + B

8. C. Decomposition 2 H 2 O(l)  2 H 2 (g) + O 2 (g)

9. KBr(l)  K(s) + Br 2 (l) 2 2 C. Decomposition n Products:  binary - break into elements  others - hard to tell 2NaHCO 3 (s) Na 2 CO 3 (aq) + CO 2 (g) + H 2 O(l)

10. D. Single Displacement or Replacement n one element replaces another in a compound  metal replaces metal (+)  nonmetal replaces nonmetal (-)  Halogens are replaced by a more reactive halogen A + BC  B + AC

11. D. Single Displacement or Replacement Cu(s) + 2AgNO 3 (aq)  Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + 2Ag(s)

12. Fe(s)+ CuSO 4 (aq)  Cu(s)+ FeSO 4 (aq) D. Single Displacement or Replacement n Products:  metal  metal (+)  nonmetal  nonmetal (-)  free element must be more active (check activity series) Br 2 (l)+ NaCl(aq)  N.R.

13. Activity Series of the Metals Lithium Potassium Calcium Sodium Magnesium Aluminum Zinc Chromium Iron Nickel Lead Hydrogen Bismuth Copper Mercury Silver Platinum Gold Metals can replace other metals provided that they are above the metal that they are trying to replace. Metals above hydrogen can replace hydrogen in acids. Metals from sodium upward can replace hydrogen in water

14. The Activity Series of the Halogens Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine Halogens can replace other halogens in compounds, provided that they are above the halogen that they are trying to replace. 2NaCl(s) + F 2 (g)  2NaF(s) + Cl 2 (g) MgCl 2 (s) + Br 2 (g)  No Reaction

15. AB + CD  AD + CB E. Double Displacement or Replacement n ions in two compounds “change partners” n cation of one compound combines with anion of the other

16. E. Double Displacement or Replacement Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + K 2 CrO 4 (aq)  PbCrO 4 (s) + 2KNO 3 (aq)

17. Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq)+ KI(aq)  PbI 2 (s)+ KNO 3 (aq) E. Double Displacement or Replacement n Products:  switch negative ions  one product must be insoluble (check solubility table) NaNO 3 (aq)+ KI(aq)  N.R. 2 2