The Enlightenment European intellectual movement of the late 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition. It was heavily influenced by 17th-century philosophers such as Descartes, Locke, and Newton, and its prominent exponents include Kant, Goethe, Voltaire, Rousseau, and Adam Smith. It eventually carried over into the American colonies.

Enlightenment Thinkers O Thinkers used natural laws to apply to people, societies and principles of government. O JOHN LOCKE- argued that people have natural rights to LIFE, LIBERTY and PROPERTY. O He claimed that people create government and it’s the governments responsibility to protect these natural rights– and if the govt. fails to do this, the people have the right to change their government.

ENLIGHTENMENT THINKERS O Benjamin Franklin- One of the most famous American Enlightenment thinkers. O Used Science and reason to improve society. O Printer, publisher, writer, diplomat, politician, inventor, scientist. O Published books and pamphlets including : O Poor Richard’s Almanac O An autobiography

Religion in the Colonies O Religion shaped much of colonial life. O Ministers were asking people to renew their faith---this renewal or revival was known as the Great Awakening O Led to greater religious freedom

Zenger Trial O Freedom of the press became an important issue in Colonial life. O Newspapers carried political news and often faced government censorship O In 1733, publisher John Peter Zenger accused New York’s governor of corruption. O He was charged with a crime and put on trial. O He was found not guilty---this case is seen as a key step in the development of freedom of the press.