By: Gabriel Jackson SOC 104 Research Project PowerPoint

 History of Educational Vouchers  Milton Friedman  Sputnik (Competiveness)  What are Educational Vouchers?  Educational Voucher Programs  Wisconsin Milwaukee Parental Choice Program (1990) Racine Parental Choice Program (2011)  Ohio Cleveland Scholarship and Tutoring Program (1995) Autism Scholarship Program (2003) Educational Choice Scholarship Program (2005) John Peterson Special Needs Scholarship Programs (2011)  Washington D.C. D. C. Opportunity Scholarship Program (2004)  Studies  Education Voucher System (Lee V., Wong E., 2002)  A Win-Win Solution: The Empirical Evidence on School Vouchers (Forster G., 2011)

Do Educational Vouchers solve the issue of low-income public schooling?

 Milton Friedman  (1955) “The Role of Government in Education” Parents be given vouchers for children to attend school whether public or private Tuition paid by public dollars Increase Competiveness in School Access Denied!   Sputnik (October 4, 1957) Soviet Union released the first satellite to orbit the earth.  Agreement to educational vouchers  Low Income Public Schooling Funding –Property taxes…

 Milwaukee Parental Choice Program (1990)  First Educational Voucher Program  Eligible to students grades K-12 Milwaukee School Districts  Family income: does not exceed % of the poverty line  All participating private schools must accept all eligible students  If spots are full, filled by lottery considering family income  Receives $6,442 per student, but no cap  Racine Parental Choice Program (2011)  Same requirements just for Racine School Districts

 Cleveland Scholarship and Tutoring Program (1995)  Eligible for students K-8 ; 12 Cleveland School District  Family income does not exceed 200% of the poverty line  Can be renewed up to the 12 th grade  Pays 80-90% of tuition (family income)  $3,450 per student (no cap)  Educational Choice Scholarship Program (2005)  Same requirements for students outside of Cleveland  Public school must be labeled as low performing 2 out of 3 years.  Grade K-8 students : $4,250; Grade 9-12 $5,000 (capped)  Autism Scholarship Program (2003)  Statewide Program for student diagnosed with Autism  Students worth $20,000 (capped)  Participating schools must be approved by State BOE  John Peterson Special Needs Scholarship Programs (2011)  Same requirements as Autism Scholarship Program

 D. C. Opportunity Scholarship Program (2004)  First federal funded voucher program until 2009  Eligible for students grade K-12  Family income does not exceed 185% poverty line  Students awarded up to $7,500  Participants selected by lottery  Priority given to students attending schools under NCLB act  Students can renew each year as long as family income does not exceed 300% of the poverty line

 Education Voucher System (Lee V., Wong E., 2002)  Milwaukee Parental Choice Program Achieved the task of making alternative school choices for low income families. Some schools participated in the program to get extra funding. Parents became more involved in student’s education Parental awareness of child’s educational achievement Stimulated students to do better in which it did. Goal Achieved!  Cleveland Scholarship and Tutoring Program Low income students grades 4 and above did not benefit from private schools. Private schools Performance vs. Public school Performance = no difference Fail! 

 A Win-Win Solution: The Empirical Evidence on School Vouchers (Forster G., 2011)  D.C. Opportunity Scholarship Program Students scored 7.5 pts. higher in Math and Reading  Foster’s other 19 studies Results Improves low-income public schooling  Funding  Overcrowdings

 Educational vouchers solve the issue of low- income public schooling in certain areas. Along with solving the issue of low-income public schooling, educational vouchers also promote the ideal of “competitiveness” within the educational world.