The Endomembrane System. A series of membranes found in the interior of a eukaryotic cell. It divides the cell into compartments, channels the passage.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

The Endoplasmic System

Advertisements

Membranes of the Eukaryotic Cell Biology. Definition of a cell:  basic structural and functional unit of life  the smallest units that display the characteristics.

AP BIOLOGY Chapter 6 Cell Structure & Function WHAT’S NEW you didn’t learn in BIO I? Slide shows combined and modified from:

Cell organelles in terms of structure and function.

A TOUR OF THE CELL.

CELL STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS

What is the primary functions of the nucleus?

STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS OF EUKARYOTIC CELLS

Ch 6.3 & 6.4: The Organelles of Eukaryotic Cells

Chp. 4 Cell Structure and Function

By Mariah Ghant, Saori Ishizuka, and Monica Lin.   The set of membranes found in eukaryotic cells that carry out a variety of tasks in the cell  Tasks.

Endomembrane System & Energy Production The endomembrane system is an internal membrane system within the cell that carries out a variety of functions.

Cell Structure.

Cellular Organelles 6.3 & 6.4. Organelles covered today Nucleus & nuclear envelope Nucleus & nuclear envelope Ribosomes Ribosomes Endomembrane system.

Unit 4: Microscopes, Structure and Function of Cells

Organelles Little organs of the cell. Endoplasmic Reticulum E.R. is a complex system of membranes. These membranes help to transport materials around.

Outer boundary of the cell, which regulates what enters and exits the cell. It is selectively permeable. Cell membrane.

Introduction to Animal Cells

Bellwork – Introduction to book and course. Grab a book and read pg. vi.

A Tour of the Cell Plant Cell. Cells Eukaryotic cells, including plant and animal cells, contain a nucleus and organelles Plant cells contain a cell wall,

Chapter 6 – Cells I – 2 Major types of Cells A. Prokaryotic Cells – Belong to domains Bacteria and Archaea. 1. No true nucleus; lacks a nuclear envelope.

Cell Organelles The different structures of the cell.

Cell Structure and Function. Cells Smallest living unit Most are microscopic.

CELLS. 2 Types of Cells Prokaryotic (Bacteria) Eukaryotic (Plant & Animal) Both contain Organelles.

Protein Synthesis Summary. Protein Synthesis 1. The DNA double helix unwinds to expose a sequence of nitrogenous bases. (A,T,C,G) 2. A copy of one of.

Objective: What are the structures and functions of cell organelles? Do Now: What are 3 things that a plant cell has that an animal cell does not have?

Lecture for Chapter 4 DNA organization Endomembrane System.

Living Things and Cells Structures that make things be “alive”

Unit 1: Biochemistry (2.1) Structures and Functions in Eukaryotic Cells.

Ch 4 Campbell Biology in Focus HHS AP Biology Eggers

Cell Organelles  What is an organelle?  An organelle is a tiny body inside a cell that performs a specialized cell function.  Just like the organs in.

A Tour of the Cell Lecture 2, Part 1. Cell Theory Cells are the basic unit of structure and function The lowest level of structure that can perform all.

Cells and Cell Organelles. Cells and Organelles Cells are the basic “living” unit in an organism that has structure function organization Organelles are.

Chapter 4 Endomembrane System.

Roles of ER Rough Ribosomes synthesize excreted proteins  Stored in cisternae or vesicle Modify proteins  Glycosylation of proteins Delivery of membrane.

Cell Organelles.

Introduction to Cells Animal Cells, Plant Cells, Bacterial Cells, Oh My!

LG 1- Cell Structure and Function Things Common to All Cells Genetic Material – Cytoplasm – Plasma Membrane – Cell Types Prokaryotes – Eukaryotes – The.

A Tour of the Cell AP Biology Fall Cells are necessarily small Most cells are between 1 and 100 micrometers They have to be that small to allow.

Cellular Classification & Organelles: A Look at the Endomembrane System Biology 111 Holyoke Walsh.

Organelles we will study

Chapter 4 Organization of the Cell. Recall: Cell Theory: All living things are made up of one or more cells Cells are the basic unit of organization and.

BIOLOGY CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS Fourth Edition Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Neil A. Campbell Jane B. Reece Lawrence.

A Tour of the Cell. Overview: The Cell Cell: the basic unit of all living organisms Cell: the basic unit of all living organisms 2 types: 2 types: Prokaryotic.

The Cell Chapter 4. Cells  Marks the boundary between the “ living and the dead ”  Structural and functional unit of an organism  Smallest structure.

StructuresandOrganelles Section 7.3. An internal skeleton supports the cell and enables movement.

UNIT A: Cell Biology Chapter 2: The Molecules of Cells Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function: Section 3.2 Chapter 4: DNA Structure and Gene Expression.

2.1 The Structure & Functions of Eukaryotic Cells.

Many transport vesicles from the ER travel to the Golgi apparatus for modification of their contents. The Golgi is a center of manufacturing, warehousing,

Chapter 5 The Cell’s Endomembrane System–. Endoplasmic Reticulum,

Cells and Organelles A eukaryotic cell has membrane-bound organelles

Ch. 6 Warm-Up What are the 2 main types of cells? Which Domains do they consist of? List 3 ways that eukaryotes differ from prokaryotes.

Cell Structure and Function

4.6 The nucleus is the cell’s genetic control center

B- Eukaryotic Cell.

General Animal Biology

Eukaryotic Cells Eukaryotic cells are characterized by having

A Tour of the Cell Unit 2 Chapter 6.

2. Ribosomes: build the cell’s proteins

Components of the endomembrane system:

Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell.

Cell Structure.

Ch. 6 Warm-Up What are the 2 main types of cells? Which Domains do they consist of? List 3 ways that eukaryotes differ from prokaryotes.

Membrane-Bound Organelles

Section 6.4 AP Biology.

Goal: To explain the evolution of prokaryotes to eukaryotes.

B- Eukaryotic Cell.

AP BIOLOGY Chapter 6 Cell Structure & Function

B- Eukaryotic Cell.

Presentation transcript:

The Endomembrane System

A series of membranes found in the interior of a eukaryotic cell. It divides the cell into compartments, channels the passage of molecules through the interior of the cell and provides surfaces for the synthesis of lipids and some proteins.

The Endomembrane System One of the fundamental distinctions between eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

The Endomembrane System 1.Nuclear Envelope 2.Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) 3.Golgi Apparatus 4.Vesicles (Vacuoles)

Nuclear Envelope Double membrane Pores permit exit of ribosomal subuints Separates nucleoplasm from cytoplasm

Endoplasmic Reticulum System of membrane channels continuous with outer membrane of the nuclear envelope.

Rough ER is: Contiguous with the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope. Studded with ribosomes on the cytoplasm side.

Function of Rough ER Protein synthesis and modification.

Function of Rough ER 1.Protein synthesis and modification. 2.Membrane Synthesis 3.Distributes Transport Vesicles

Destinations of Rough ER Proteins Exported from the cell Sent to lysosomes or vacuoles Embedded in plasma membrane

Smooth ER Continuous with rough ER smooth No ribosomes (hence smooth)

Function of smooth ER 1.Synthetic processesPhospholipidsSteroids Fatty acids 2.Forms transport vesicles 3.Stores Calcium 4.Detoxifies poisons

Golgi Apparatus Delivery System Of the Cell Discovered in 1898 Named For Camillo Golgi

Golgi Apparatus Stack of 3-20 slightly curved saccules. 1 to few (protists) 20 or more - animal cells Several hundred – plant cells

Golgi Apparatus Receives protein-filled vesicles that bud from the ER. Vesicles fuse with membrane of Golgi apparatus cis face.

Golgi Apparatus Proteins modified as they pass through (form glycoproteins) Move to outer (trans) face after modification. Vesicles form & move to different locations in cell. At plasma membrane, vesicles discharge contents as secretions.

Vesicles Enzyme Storehouses Lysosomes – Intracellular digestion centers; bud from endomembrane system Microbodies  Peroxisomes – Enzymes catalyze the removal of hydrogen atoms.  Glyoxysomes –Found in plants. Enzymes convert fats into carbohydrates

Lysosomes Lysosomes Intracellular digestion centers Lysosomes Produced by Golgi Membrane-enclosed vesicles Contains digestive enzymes (function best in acidic environment) Break down organelles Animation: Lysosome Formation Animation: Lysosome Formation

Lysosomes Intracellular digestion centers Eliminates cells engulfed by phagocytosis. White blood cells use lysosomes to digest engulfed bacteria. Autodigestion Autodigestion - when lysosomes digest parts of cells. Apoptosis Apoptosis - programmed cell death, a normal part of development Tadpole tail absorption. Degeneration of webbing between fingers

Peroxisomes Abundant in cells that metabolize lipids Detoxify alcohol in liver and yeast cells Forms hydrogen peroxide that is broken down to water and oxygen by catalase. RH 2 + O 2  R + H 2 O 2  H 2 O + O 2

Glyoxysomes (Peroxisomes in plants) In leaves carry out reactions the uses up O 2 and releases CO 2 that can be used in photosynthesis In germinating seeds - convert oils into sugars used as nutrients by growing plants.

Vacuoles Large membranous sac Larger than vesicles Store substances Vacuoles in protozoans include digestive vacuoles and water- regulating contractile vacuoles.

Vacuoles In protozoans include digestive vacuoles and water-regulating contractile vacuoles.

Vacuoles Plant cell vacuoles (usually one or two) more prominenet; water-filled and give support to cell. Plant vacuoles store water, sugars, salt, pigments, and toxic substances to protect plant from herbivores.