Introduction to Animal Science

SCIENCE n a process through which nature is STUDIED, DISCOVERED, and UNDERSTOOD.

Animal Science n The PROCESS through which LIVESTOCK ANIMALS are STUDIED and UNDERSTOOD.

Animal Science n Involves BREEDING, feeding, care and MANAGEMENT of animals; MARKETING and PROCESSING of animals and their PRODUCTS based on knowledge gained through practical EXPERIENCE and RESEARCH.

Domestication n To adapt an animal for human use

Five requirements for domestication n 1.The animal is VALUED and there are clear PURPOSES for which it is kept. n 2.The animal’s BREEDING is subject to human control. n 3.The animal’s SURVIVAL depends upon humans.

Five requirements for domestication n 4.The animal’s BEHAVIOR (psychology) is changed in domestication. n 5.Morphological (STRUCTURAL) characteristics have appeared which occur rarely if at all in the wild.

Wild animal n not GENETICALLY altered by artificial selection for use by humans n Example

Tame wild animal n a wild animal that, through intervention of man, has adapted BEHAVIORALLY so as to be useful to humans. n Example

Exotic animal n a wild animal belonging to a species whose historic native range lies totally outside NORTH AMERICA n Example

Domestic animal n an animal that has been genetically altered from the original wild species for use by humans through ARTIFICIAL SELECTION n Example

Feral animal n a DOMESTIC animal that lives in the WILD with no human assistance n Example

Feral population n a REPRODUCING group of FERAL animals n Example

Species n a group of closely related animals that can INTERBREED and produce FERTILE offspring n Example

Breed n animals of common ORIGIN with characteristics that distinguish them from other groups within the same SPECIES n Example

Type n animals of the same SPECIES that are grouped together based on the PRODUCTS they produce n Example

Functions of Livestock n Food n Clothing n Power n Recreation

Food n Meat n Eggs n Milk n Honey

Clothing n Wool n Leather n Hair/Fur n Feathers

Power n Horses n Mules, Donkeys, Burros n Llamas, Alpacas n Oxen, Water buffalo, reindeer, yak, camels

Recreation n Pleasure Horses n Purebred Herds and Flocks n Livestock Exhibitions, Shows, Rodeos n Horse Racing

Mainstream Domestic Animals n Dairy Cattle n Beef Cattle n Sheep (Wool, Meat, Dairy) n Swine n Goats (Mohair, Milk, Meat, Cashmere) n Horses, Mules, Donkeys, etc n Poultry

Non-Traditional Domestic Animals n Ostrich & Emu n Deer and Elk n Bison n Aquaculture n Llamas and Alpacas n Alligators n Rare Breeds of Domestic Animals

Top States in Beef Production n 1. Texas n 2. Kansas n 3. Nebraska n 4. Oklahoma n 5. California n Utah’s Rank 28th

Top States in Dairy Production n 1. California n 2. Wisconsin n 3. New York n 4. Pennsylvania n 5. Michigan n Utah’s Rank 25th

Top States in Sheep Production n 1. Texas n 2. California n 3. Wyoming n 4. Colorado n 5. South Dakota n Utah’s Rank 7th

Top States in Goat Production n 1. Texas n 2. New Mexico n 3. Arizona n 4. Oklahoma n 5. California n Utah’s Rank ?

Top States in Swine Production n 1. Iowa n 2. North Carolina n 3. Michigan n 4. Illinois n 5. Indiana n Utah’s Rank 20th

Top States in Layers Production n 1. California n 2. Ohio n 3. Indiana n 4. Pennsylvania n 5. Iowa n Utah’s Rank 33rd

Top States in Broiler Production n 1. Arkansas n 2. Georgia n 3. Alabama n 4. North Carolina n 5. Mississippi n Utah’s Rank ??

Top States in Turkey Production n 1. North Carolina n 2. Minnesota n 3. Arkansas n 4. Missouri n 5. California n Utah’s Rank 14th

Number of Farms and Ranches n 1. Texas n 2. Missouri n 3. Iowa n 4. Kentucky n 5. Minnesota n Utah’s Rank 36th

Land in Farms and Ranches n 1. Texas n 2. Montana n 3. Kansas n 4. Nebraska n 5. New Mexico n Utah’s Rank 28th

Utah’s Rank in Other Areas n Mink Production 2nd n Trout Production 6th n Honey Production 24th