What do you notice about this portrait of Henry VIII? Warm Up – What do you notice about this portrait of Henry VIII? Make a list of adjectives and similes to describe what you see.

Create this chart on the top of page 10 Create this chart on the top of page 10. It should take up about half a page. Issue Problem Solution Love Money Power

Task One – Table of Information We are going to hear from several key characters in the life of Henry VIII. They all knew him and they will tell you stories that should share with you some of the problems that Henry VIII faced. Using the table you created, fill out the PROBLEMS column only as you listen to their tales of Tudor court..........

Arthur Henry, I am the ghost of your brother Arthur. As your older brother I should really have been king, but sadly I died as a young man before I could be king. Now you are king. May God give you his blessing. Arthur

Henry, I know I was not your first choice Henry, I know I was not your first choice. I am your dead brother’s wife. But your father decided it would be best for both our countries if we married. I love you. I also love God most dearly and I pray to him every day he will grant me a son so I can make you happy. I know you want a son more than anything, Henry. God will grant us our wishes soon. Please spend more time with our daughter, Mary. She asks after you every day! Catherine of Aragon

Anne Boleyn Your Majesty, you flatter me with your attention. Many thanks for your poems and love songs, but surely you should be sending these to your wife Catherine, not to me a mere lady-in-waiting. I remember the time we spent together and would love to see more of you, but remember you are a married man and it would be sinful to be any more than friends… do you not agree?

Pope, Clement VII First of all Henry I would like to thank you for your recent book attacking all the critics of my Church. Now, lets consider to your marriage problems … you should work things out with Catherine. What’s all this nonsense I’m hearing about here in Rome concerning you and a six-fingered chambermaid? Have you lost your marbles? Remember a wife is for life. It’s too late to change your mind now.

Charles V I’m the most powerful man in Europe, the Holy Roman Emperor. I own parts of Germany, Holland, Spain & Italy. If the Pope arranges the divorce of my niece, Catherine, I’ll invade the Pope’s lands in Italy. So watch out!

Thomas Cromwell, King’s Chief Minister If you really love this Boleyn girl, why not divorce Catherine. I’m sure something can be arranged … and the Pope disagrees then tell him you’ll start your own Church and get a divorce settled that way! Think about it, your Majesty. Head of your own Church. Think how powerful and wealthy that would make you! And …er … whilst we’re on the subject of wealth, don’t forget there are still quite a few outstanding bills. Break from Rome and sell off the Church’s property and you could be quid's in!

Henry’s 4 problem areas... Money Love Which of these problems was the most important to Henry VIII and why? Which of these problems is the most urgent and why? Religion Power

You have five minutes to write your letter. It’s 1532. Imagine you are Henry VIII and need help with all your problems. Write to a Tudor Aunt for advice. Focus on the three main problem areas - love, money, and power. You have five minutes to write your letter.

You have five minutes to respond. Now pass your letter to your partner... They will reply to you as the Aunt with some solutions to Henry’s problems..... Lets see what ideas you have! You have five minutes to respond.

Let’s Review - Martin Luther Martin Luther was a German Monk, a University Professor and a Church Reformer, He was born in 1483. He went to the University of Erfurt and gained a Masters degree. In 1505 he became a Monk and devoted his life to Christ through prayer, confession, fasting and pilgrimage.

What did he do? Martin Luther criticised the Catholic Church, he listed 95 things which he felt was wrong with Catholicism and nailed them to the door of the Church in Wittenberg. The Pope was angry and excommunicated him... BUT.... Many people agreed with Luther and joined his protest, they became known as Protestants.

How does any of this affect England and Henry VIII??? Fill in the Solutions part of your chart as we review this information.

The English Reformation The English Reformation started in the reign of Henry VIII. Henry VIII decided to rid himself of his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, after she had failed to produce a son who would be heir to the throne. Henry had fallen in love with Anne Boleyn. She had promised Henry that she would give him a son if he married her. BUT The Catholic Church will not let Henry divorce Catherine.

In 1533, few were brave enough to tell him otherwise! DIVORCE!!!! The Archbishop granted Henry his divorce - against the wishes of the pope. But what else could the Archbishop do if he wanted to remain on good terms with Henry? This led to England breaking away from the Roman Catholic Church based in Rome. Henry placed himself as head of the church and in that sense, in his eyes, his divorce was perfectly legal. In 1533, few were brave enough to tell him otherwise!

The country was still Catholic but the pope’s power had ended. 1534 – Head of the Church Henry knew of the Catholic Church’s unpopularity and, therefore, used this to his advantage. Henry was made Supreme Head of the Church by an Act of Parliament in 1534. The country was still Catholic but the pope’s power had ended. The most wealthy Catholics in England were the monasteries where monks lived. They were also the most loyal supporters of the Pope. This made them a threat to Henry.

Dissolution of the Monasteries Also, some monasteries were huge and owned vast areas of land. So here were monks not loyal to Henry who were also very wealthy. Henry decided to shut down the monasteries of England. The monasteries were to disappear like sugar dissolves in hot liquid. This is why Henry’s attack on the monasteries is called the 'Dissolution' - they were to be dissolved!

Henry’s Wives First Wife Catherine of Aragon Divorced Second Wife Anne Boleyn Beheaded Third Wife Jane Seymour Died Fourth Wife Anne of Cleves Divorced Fifth Wife Kathryn Howard Beheaded Sixth Wife Katherine Parr Survived

Henry VIII Henry VIII and His Wives

Map Glue the map onto page _11_. We will complete it together.

Protestant Reformation Map Title the Map Identify the countries 1 - France 2 - Spain 3 - England 4 - Holy Roman Empire 5 - Italy 6 - Portugal 7 - Ottoman Empire

Choose 3 colors and color your key Color the map accordingly

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