INSERT INSTRUCTOR Name Trawl – Gear description (fish & shrimp) Joël Prado - FAO/FIIT

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Presentation transcript:

INSERT INSTRUCTOR Name Trawl – Gear description (fish & shrimp) Joël Prado - FAO/FIIT

Introduction Fish & invertebrates Bottom (demersal) and midwater (pelagic)

Introduction Fish & invertebrates Bottom (demersal) and midwater (pelagic) ~ 50% global catch Watson et al. 2004

Introduction Fish & invertebrates Bottom (demersal) and midwater (pelagic) 50% global catch Active Cone-shaped net

Introduction Fish & invertebrates Bottom (demersal) and midwater (pelagic) 50% global catch Active using cone-shaped net Small & large vessels NOAA Fisheries

Introduction - Impacts Bycatch Juvenile fish in shrimp trawl Protected species Bottom habitat Shrimp fishing bycatch (Madagascar) Before (top) & after (bottom) trawling. FAO 2005

Objectives Describe how trawl gear works List 4 components of a trawl and describe 2 pieces of specialized equipment Demonstrate ability to complete the gear description form

Sampling Priorities 1. Collect information on fishing effort 2. Randomly sample catch for catch composition 3. Record gear characteristics 4. Collect length-frequency data on target and non-target catch

Trawl configurations Varies by target & fish behavior Beam trawl /otter trawl / pair Griffiths:

Trawl configurations Varies by target & fish behavior Beam trawl /otter trawl (animation from / pairanimation

Trawl configurations Varies by target & fish behavior Beam trawl /otter trawl / pair (2 vessels) Photos:

Trawl configurations Images modified from FAO (2001b),Lokkeborg (2005) and

Trawl configurations Confusing terminology (#1) Pair trawl – 2 vessels Twin trawl – 2 nets Duplex (separator) trawl – 2 codends

Net components (Manual Fig.6-2)

Trawl configurations Confusing terminology (#2) Beam trawler –vessels which deploy nets from abeam; also outrigger trawler Beam trawl – type of net Beam trawler with beam trawls;

Net components (Manual Fig.6-3)

Net configuration Fisheye BRD Tie off rings TED (hard grid) Elephant ears Headrope Lazy line Footrope Dummy door Trawl door Tickler chain Bottom leg Top leg Floats

Gear Deployment & Retrieval Video - haulinghauling NOAA Fisheries

Bycatch reduction Bycatch reduction device (BRD) Junk fish excluder (JTED) Turtle excluder device (TED) NOAA Fisheries

Bycatch reduction Bycatch reduction device (BRD) Junk fish excluder (JTED) NOAA Fisheries Fish eye ( Radial escape section ( Square mesh window (FAO) Square mesh codend ( com.au)

Bycatch reduction Bycatch reduction device (BRD) Junk fish excluder (JTED) Turtle excluder (TED video)video w NOAA Fisheries Photo: Mike Gerner, AFMA

Bycatch reduction

Gear Description - Finfish

Gear Description - Finfish

Gear Description - Finfish

Courtesy of S. Sei, Sierra Leone)

Gear Description - Finfish

Fish eye ( Images from Eayrs (2007) x

Gear Description - Finfish x Radial Escape Section ( Images from Eayrs (2007)

Gear Description - Finfish X Images from Eayrs (2007)

Gear Description - Shrimp

Grid angle

Activity Handout Groups of 2 or 3 10 minutes

Gear Description - Finfish PS345 LIB x1 x x Crimond nova demersal chain chain chain 6 20wire cable wire cable 6 15 wire cable

Gear Description - Finfish steel cable 52 20nylon weighted synthetic Dyneema chain (sttel) 100kg

Gear Description - Finfish 8 25 rubber rubber 32 Polyethelene Polyethelene Polyethelene x x

Summary Describe how trawl gear works List 4 components of a trawl Describe 2 pieces of specialized equipment

References Eayrs, S A Guide to Bycatch Reduction in Tropical Shrimp-Trawl Fisheries. Revised edition. Rome, FAO. 108 p. Kelleher, K Discards in the world's marine fisheries: An update. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, FAO, Rome. Watson, R., E. Hoshino, J. Beblow, C. Revenga, Y. Kura, and A. Kitchingman Fishing Gear Associated With Global Marine Catches. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 12.