War for Europe and North Africa  Convoy System  Battle of Stalingrad  Operation Torch  Dwight D. Eisenhower  Omar Bradley  George S. Patton  Tuskegee Airman

Battle of the Atlantic  Hitler began to attack ships on the Atlantic to try to stop goods from getting to the allies  “wolf packs” began to attack Allied ships  Allies brought back the convoy system from WWI  Ships carrying goods were surrounded by a group of military ships, submarines, and planes  Traveled in large groups

Battle of the Atlantic cont.  Convoy system also included ships with sonar and radar  U-boats were being destroyed faster than they could be replaced  US was producing 140 “liberty ships” each month Not really well built, but easily replaceable  Allies were winning the Battle of the Atlantic by mid-’43

Battle of Stalingrad  Germans took the offensive in southern Soviet Union  Wanted to wipe out Stalingrad Major industrial city  Stalingrad was attacked for weeks  Winter set in and the Soviets surrounded the mostly German controlled city

Stalingrad cont.  Soviets cut off German supply lines  Hitler ordered his troops to stay and fight  Germans surrendered Jan. 31, 1943  Soviets lost 1,100,000 troops  During the battle, Stalin wanted a second allied front opened up to take some of the pressure off of him

Operation Torch  Tried to take pressure off of Stalin  Allies invaded North Africa  Dwight Eisenhower commanded the Allied troops American General Would command the Allies in Europe for the rest of the war  Gens. George S. Patton and Omar Bradley along with Field Marshal Montgomery defeated Rommell’s Afrika Korps

Operation Torch cont.  Following success in North Africa, the allies landed in Sicily and moved north into Italy  Mussolini was forced in July ’43 to resign and was beaten to death by his own people  Allies got caught up just outside Rome “Bloody Anzio” Lasted 4 months 25,000 Allies dead 30,000 Axis dead

Race War  Tuskegee Airmen All black squadron fought with distinction in Sicily and Italy Thought to be too unintelligent to fly  Japanese Americans also fought in Italy Were not allowed to fight in the Pacific 442 nd Regimental Combat Team  All 2 nd gen. Japanese Americans  Most decorated unit in U.S. History