What do you think? Do the stars stay in the same position in the sky all day/night long? Do we see the same stars all year round every night?

What do you think? What causes the stars move? Do the stars actually move in the way they appear from Earth? Is the daily motion of the Sun different from the stars?

Astrology: The belief that the positions of the stars and planets as seen from Earth impact human events.

Constellations – the 88 semi- rectangular regions that make up the sky Northern constellations have Latinized Greek-mythology names: – Orion, Cygnus, Leo, Ursa Major, Canis Major, Canis Minor Southern constellations have Latin names: –Telescopium, Sextans, Pyxsis

Use the Summer Triangle to find constellations during summer evenings

Use the winter triangle to find constellations during winter evenings

Anyone recognize any shapes here?

Star Names SIRIUS Betelgeuse Aldebaran Rigel

Using Orion in to find other objects Sirius Aldebaran Pleiades Great Orion Nebula

Pleiades Seven Sisters Subaru

Use the Big Dipper in the northern sky as a way to find other groups of stars

Consider the dome of the sky over our heads…. mixing bowl

inverted mixing bowl …. Consider the dome of the sky over our heads….

Imagining a spinning Celestial Sphere surrounding Earth aids in thinking about the position and motion of the sky

Animation!

Celestial Sphere Rotation North Star Star A Star B Earth’s Equator Figure 1 Celestial Sphere Celestial Sphere Rotation Celestial Sphere Star A Star B Figure 2 Horizon

Celestial Sphere Celestial Sphere Rotation Celestial Sphere Star A Star B Figure 2 Horizon Is the horizon shown a real physical horizon, or an imaginary plane that extends from the observer and Earth out to the stars? Can the observer shown see an object located below the horizon? Is there a star that is in an unobservable position? When a star travels from being below the observer’s horizon to being above the observer’s horizon, is that star rising or setting?

Tutorial: Position – p.1 Work with a partner Read the instructions and questions carefully Talk to each other and discuss your answers with each another Come to a consensus answer you both agree on If you get stuck or are not sure of your answer ask another group If you get really stuck or don’t understand what the Lecture Tutorial is asking as one of us for help

Celestial Sphere Rotation North Star Star A Star B Earth’s Equator Figure 1 Celestial Sphere Celestial Sphere Rotation Celestial Sphere Star A Star B Figure 2 Horizon North Star

Did you get the Key Ideas from the Position Lecture Tutorial?

In what direction is the observer facing? 1. toward the South 2. toward the North 3. toward the East 4. toward the West Celestial Sphere Celestial Sphere Rotation Celestial Sphere Star A Star B Figure 2 Horizon

Imagine that from your current location you observe a star rising directly in the east. When this star reaches its highest position above the horizon, where will it be? A.high in the northern sky B.high in the southern sky C.high in the western sky D.directly overhead

Where would the observer look to see the star indicated by the arrow? A.High in the Northeast B.High in the Southeast C.High in the Northwest D.High in the Southwest Celestial Sphere Celestial Sphere Rotation Celestial Sphere Star A Star B Figure 2 Horizon

How long did it take to get this picture? Take out a piece of paper and put your name and student ID # on it along with your answer!!

Earth’s rotation causes the Sun, Planets, Moon and stars to appear to move when viewed from Earth

Nightly Motion of the Stars Imagine looking toward the East as a star rises above your horizon - what does it do after that?

Nightly Motion of the Stars Celestial Sphere Celestial Sphere Rotation Celestial Sphere Star A Star B Figure 2 Horizon

Nightly Motion of the Stars For stars (the Moon and planets) that appear in the southern sky: Stars first rise near the eastern horizon, move upward and toward the south, and then move down and set near the western horizon.

What direction is the observer facing in this picture?

Nightly Motion of the Stars Imagine looking toward the North. What do stars appear to do over the course of an evening?

Nightly Motion of the Stars Celestial Sphere Celestial Sphere Rotation Celestial Sphere Star A Star B Figure 2 Horizon

Nightly Motion of the Stars Looking North: Stars appear to move counter-clockwise around the stationary North Star (Polaris) – we call these circumpolar stars.

Looking North: Circumpolar Stars –Circumpolar stars seem to move counter-clockwise around the stationary North Star. –These constellations and stars are visible any night of the year in the NORTHERN sky because they never rise or set! –Examples: Ursa Major, Ursa Minor, Draco, Cepheus, and Cassiopeia

What happens over time in the Northern Sky?

Tutorial: Motion – p. 3 Work with a partner! Read the instructions and questions carefully. Discuss the concepts and your answers with one another. Come to a consensus answer you both agree on. If you get stuck or are not sure of your answer, ask another group. If you get really stuck or don’t understand what the Lecture Tutorial is asking, ask one of us for help.

Your Birth Sign R OUGHLY, it is the constellation that the Sun is covering up during the day you are born if you were born 2000 years ago.

Zodiac - The 13 Zodiacal constellations that our Sun covers-up (blocks) in the course of one year ( used to be only 12 ) Aquarius Pisces Aries Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Libra Virgo Scorpius Ophiuchus Sagittarius Capricornus

The Zodiacal Constellations that our Sun covers-up (blocks) in the course of one year ( only 12 are shown here ) North Star 365 days 1 day Aries Pisces Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpius Sagittarius Capricornus Aquariu s Figure 1

The Zodiacal Constellations that our Sun covers-up (blocks) in the course of one year ( only 12 are shown here ) Which constellation would that be for the situation shown? Pisces Aries Taurus Gemini Cancer Figure 2 – What it would look like if you were the observer in Figure 1 South North Star 365 days 1 day Aries Pisces Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpius Sagittarius Capricornus Aquarius Figure 1

Pisces Aries Taurus Gemini Cancer Figure 2 – What it would look like if you were the observer in Figure 1 South North Star 365 days 1 day Aries Pisces Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpius Sagittarius Capricornus Aquarius Figure 1 E W W E What time is it for the observer? What is the name of the constellation that would appear on the observers Eastern Horizon? Western? For more practice at this – Try Part I of the “Seasonal Stars” Lecture Tutorial

Pisces Aries Taurus Gemini Cancer Figure 2 – What it would look like if you were the observer in Figure 1 South North Star 365 days 1 day Aries Pisces Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpius Sagittarius Capricornus Aquarius Figure 1 E W W E 12 hours later what object will be at the position that Taurus is in now? 18 hours later where will the Sun be? Where will Scorpius be? For more practice at this – Try Part I of the “Seasonal Stars” Lecture Tutorial

Pisces Aries Taurus Gemini Cancer Figure 2 – What it would look like if you were the observer in Figure 1 South North Star 365 days 1 day Aries Pisces Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpius Sagittarius Capricornus Aquarius Figure 1 E W W E Two months from the time shown what constellation will be high in the Southern sky, at Midnight? At Noon? What sign will a person be if they are born at that time? For more practice at this – Try Part I of the “Seasonal Stars” Lecture Tutorial