Segregation and Discrimination Poll Tax Jim Crow Laws Plessey vs. Ferguson Women’s Suffrage Susan B. Anthony

Poll Tax African Americans were kept out of the political process by 1900 Voting was limited in the Southern states Had to read Poll Tax Annual tax that had to be paid before one could vote  Many were too poor to pay

Poll Tax cont. Whites were “grandfathered” If whites’ fathers or grandfathers were eligible to vote before Jan. 1, 1867 he could vote without paying the tax

Jim Crow Laws Legal racial separation laws Mostly in the South

Plessey vs. Ferguson 1892 Homer Plessey (black man) took a seat on a “whites only” train car in New Orleans Arrested, tried, and convicted of breaking the segregation law Took case to the Supreme Court

Plessey cont. Court ruled that segregation laws did not violate the “Equal Protection Clause” of the 14 th Amendment “No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws”

Plessey Cont. “Plessey” decision allowed for “Separate but Equal” laws Legalized segregation for 60 years African-Americans had to “stay in their place” ,400 African Americans were lynched

Plessey cont. Segregation was not limited to the South North was segregated in housing and jobs Chinese and Mexicans also had issues in the West

Women’s Suffrage More and more women at this time were working for the right to vote Susan B. Anthony Leader of the National Women’s Suffrage Association People feared women voting Liquor industry feared they would favor prohibition Textile industry feared they would oppose child labor

Suffrage cont. Wyoming, Idaho, Utah, and Colorado terr. allowed women to vote Took the issue to the Supreme Court in 1871 under the 14 th amendment Women were citizens-Court denied that all citizens could vote Protested in front of the White House 19 th Amendment gave women the right to vote (1919)